고양이(Feliscatus)의 분포밀도와 잠재서식지 예측을 이용한 우선 관리 대상 지역 분석
Analyzing Priority Management Areas for Domestic Cats (Felis catus) Using Predictions of Distribution Density and Potential Habitat
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초록
본 연구는 국내 고양이(Felis catus)의 분포밀도와 잠재 서식지를 예측하여 핵심분포지역을 선정하고, 보호지역을 중첩하여 우선으로 고양이 관리가 시행되어야 할 지역을 선정하고자 하였다. 분포밀도 파악을 위해 커널밀도추정을 사용하였고, 고밀도 지역을 분류한 결과 수도권 지역과 충남, 대전, 대구에서 밀도가 높았다. MaxEnt 모형을 활용한 잠재 서식지 예측에서는 고도, 시가지로부터의 거리, 지표 거칠기 등이 중요한 변수로 확인되었고, 임계값을 기준으로 출현/비출현 지역을 분류한 결과 수도권과 세종, 대전, 충남, 대구에서 출현 예측 지역의 면적이 높았다. 고밀도 지역과 출현 예측 지역을 중첩하여 핵심분포지역을 선정하였고, 핵심분포지역과 야생동물 보호지역을 중첩하여 우선으로 관리해야 할 지역을 파악하였다. 그 결과 경기도와 충남지역이 제일 면적이 넓은 지역으로 선정되었다. 또한 보호지역과 같은 우선 관리 대상 지역을 중심으로 핵심분포지역이 둘러싸고 있어, 추가적인 유입을 막고 관리하기 위한 완충구역을 설정하는 것이 필요하다. 이러한 결과는 고양이의 서식현황을 조사하고, 우리나라 실정에 맞는 관리방안 설정을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다.
Abstract
This study aimed to predict the distribution density and potential habitat of domestic cats (Felis catus) in order to identify core distribution areas. It also aimed to overlay protected areas to identify priority areas for cat management. Kernel density estimation was used to determine the distribution density, and areas with high density were classified in Greater Seoul, Chungnam, Daejeon, and Daegu. Elevation, distance from the used area and roughness were identified as important variables in predicting potential habitat using the MaxEnt model. In addition, the classification of suitable and unsuitable areas based on thresholds showed that the predicted presence of habitat was more extensive in Seoul, Sejong, Daejeon, Chungnam, and Daegu. Core distribution areas were selected by overlapping high-density areas with suitable areas. Priority management areas were identified by overlaying core distribution areas with designated wildlife sanctuaries. As a result, Gyeonggi, and Chungnam have the largest areas. In addition, buffer zones will be implemented to effectively manage the core distribution area and minimize the potential for additional introductions in areas of high management priority, such as protected areas. These results can be used as a basis for investigating the status of the cat’s habitat and developing more effective management strategies.
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