공공 데이터를 활용한 전국 내륙습지 감소 지역시계열 분석 및 복원대상지 발굴 연구
Time-Series Analysis of Inland Wetland Reduction and Selection of Restoration Sites Based on Public Data in South Korea
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초록
본연구는내륙습지감소지역을대상으로토지피복시계열분석을통해습지면적변화의추세와주요원인을규명하고, 토지피복지도와InVEST 모델을활용해복원대상지발굴방법을제시하고자하였다. 이를위해공공데이터인제4차전국내륙습지기초조사자료(2016-2021)와환경부토지피복지도(1980-2022)를활용하였다. 시계열분석결과, 1980-2000년시기에습지의주요변화요인은농경지로나타났으며, 2000-2022년시기에는초지화가주요변화요인으로분석되었다. 복원대상지를발굴하기위해습지면적과탄소저장량이모두감소한지역을선별하였으며그중국·공유지가50% 이상인지역을추출하여현장검증을실시하였다. 검증결과선별된10개의지역중8개지역에서실제로습지면적감소가확인되었다. 해당연구결과는내륙습지보전및모니터링체계구축에실질적인정보를제공할뿐만아니라, 향후국가실천목표인전국훼손생태계30% 복원에기초자료로활용될수있을것이다.
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze trends and key drivers of wetland area change in inlandwetland loss regions using a temporal land cover analysis, and to propose a method for identifyingpotential restoration sites based on land cover maps and the InVEST model. Public datasets, includingthe 4th National Inland Wetland Survey (2016-2021) and the Ministry of Environment’s Land CoverMaps (1980-2022), were utilized. The temporal analysis revealed that conversion to agricultural landwas the primary driver of wetland loss between 1980 and 2000, while grassland expansion was the main factor between 2000 and 2022. Restoration candidates were selected based on areas where bothwetland area and carbon storage had declined, and among them, regions with more than 50% publicownership were extracted for field verification. As a result, wetland loss was confirmed in 8 out of the10 selected sites. The findings of this study provide practical insights for inland wetland conservationand the establishment of a national wetland monitoring framework. Furthermore, they can serve as afoundational dataset to support the national target of restoring 30% of degraded ecosystems.