트럼프 시대 미국 민족주의 등장의 이해: 국가정체성, 민중주의, 권위주의를 중심으로
An Explanation of the Rise of American Nationalism in the Era of Trump: with a Focus on National Identity, Populism, and Authoritarianism
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The purpose of this article is to explain the rise of the American nationalism as the confluence of three streams: national identity, populist anti-globalism, authoritarianism. Among other things, the identity-based American nationalism is characterized by the ethnocentrism emphasizing the whites as the mainline “national group.” By attempting to marginalize now-white ethnic groups in the American soil, the identity-based nationalism endeavors to preserve white, christian American national identity. The anti-globalist populism is based on the dualistic antagonism between the innocent American “people” and the self-interested “elites,” criticizing the establishment elites in the East as only promoting globalization at the expense of the American people. Finally, the authoritarian nationalism highlights the intolerance toward foreigners and the submission to authoritarian leaders among the American people when they are faced with the “normative threat.” While starting from distinctive perspectives, the three streams converge into the same American nationalism when they all highlight the anger and frustration of the Protestant, low-education and low-income whites.
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to explain the rise of the American nationalism as the confluence of three streams: national identity, populist anti-globalism, authoritarianism. Among other things, the identity-based American nationalism is characterized by the ethnocentrism emphasizing the whites as the mainline “national group.” By attempting to marginalize now-white ethnic groups in the American soil, the identity-based nationalism endeavors to preserve white, christian American national identity. The anti-globalist populism is based on the dualistic antagonism between the innocent American “people” and the self-interested “elites,” criticizing the establishment elites in the East as only promoting globalization at the expense of the American people. Finally, the authoritarian nationalism highlights the intolerance toward foreigners and the submission to authoritarian leaders among the American people when they are faced with the “normative threat.” While starting from distinctive perspectives, the three streams converge into the same American nationalism when they all highlight the anger and frustration of the Protestant, low-education and low-income whites.
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