건강검진 수검자의 주관적 건강인식과 건강 관련 행위의 연관성
Association between Self-Perceived Health Status and Health Related Behavior in Routine Health Examinees
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참고문헌
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초록
연구배경: 건강의 척도 가운데 하나인 주관적 건강인식은 개인의 건강 행위 결정과 사회적 보건 교육에 중요한 영향을 미치며, 개인의 건강관념에 영향을 받는다고 알려져 있다. 흡연,음주, 비만은 객관적인 건강 위험인자로는 인정받고 있으나주관적 건강인식과의 연관성에 관한 국내 연구는 미진하다. 본 연구는 건강검진 수검자를 대상으로 주관적 건강인식과관련이 있는 요인들을 관찰함으로써 이에 대한 흡연, 음주, 비만의 영향을 확인하는 것을 목표로 시행되었다. 방법: 2004년 6월부터 2007년 6월까지 서울의 한 종합병원 건강검진 수검자를 대상으로 주관적 건강인식과 기본적 인구사회학적 변수, 가족력, 스트레스 및 관련 심리 정서적 변수,흡연, 음주, 비만, 운동 등을 설문지를 사용하여 조사하였으며, 검사실 소견으로서 대사증후군의 위험인자에 해당되는허리둘레, 혈압, 중성지방, 고밀도지질, 혈당 수치를 수집하고multinomial logistic regression을 사용하여 주관적 건강인식과다른 변수간의 연관성을 분석하였다. 결과: 총 연구 대상자는 6,040명으로, 다른 사람보다 건강하지 못하다고 답변한 군을 기준으로 연령, 음주량, 체질량지수가 높거나, 운동을 규칙적으로 하는 경우 다른 사람보다 건강하다고 느끼는 경우가 많았으며, 교육수준이 높거나, 스트레스 양이 많거나 불안, 우울, 불면의 증상이 있는 경우, 처방 및비처방 약물을 복용하는 경우, 수술을 받은 경험이 있는 경우,고밀도지질이 낮은 경우, 다른 사람보다 건강하지 못하다고여기는 경향이 관찰되었다. 흡연의 경우 주관적 건강인식에유의한 영향을 보이지 않았다. 결론: 본 연구에서 음주, 비만, 흡연의 건강 위험 요인을 가진사람들의 주관적 건강인식이 오히려 높거나 관련이 없는 것으로 관찰되어, 이에 대한 사회적 건강관념의 문제점을 시사하는 바, 추가적 연구를 통한 확인과 지속적인 교육이 필요하다.
Abstract
Background: Self-perceived health is a good indicator of health status. It is generally accepted that self-perceived health status has important role on one’s health behavior and public health education. Smoking, drinking, and obesity are well known risk factors for one’s health. But its effects on self-perceived health status are not known so well in Korea. This study was planned to evaluate the effect of health behavior such as smoking, drinking, and obesity on self-perceived health status. Methods: We enrolled a total of 6,040 Koreans, visited to one general hospital health promotion center from June, 2004through June, 2007. Data was collected by questionnaire, including basic demographic variables, family history of cancers or cerobrovascular accidents, psycho-emotional factors such as stress, depression, anxiety, insomnia, and health behaviors including smoking, drinking, and exercise. Risk factors for metabolic syndrome were also obtained including waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), fasting blood sugar, and body mass index (BMI). Results: Older age, higher alcohol consumption, higher BMI, and regular exercise were associated with higher selfperceived health status. Higher education status, higher score of stress, symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and insomnia, drug medication, operation history, and abnormal HDL status were associated with lower self-perceived health status. Smoking and metabolic syndrome had no relation with self-perceived health status. Conclusion: Drinking and higher BMI were associated with higher self-perceived health status, indicating discrepancies between self-perceived health status and medical advice. More strict education might be required for those risk factors.
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