한국 청소년에서 과체중과 사회 경제적 요인과의 관계: 2007년 청소년 건강행태 온라인조사 자료를 이용하여
Relationship between Overweight and Socioeconomic Factors in Korean Adolescents: Using Data from the 2007 Korean Youth’s Risk Behavior Web-based Study
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연구배경: 청소년기 과체중이 지속적으로 증가하고 있으며이는 청소년 개인의 건강 문제뿐 아니라 사회 전체적인 문제가 되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 한국 청소년에서의 과체중과 사회 경제적 요인간의 관계를 살펴 보고자 하였다. 방법: 2007년 시행된 청소년 건강행태 온라인조사 자료에서12세 이상 18세 이하의 청소년 중 2007년 소아 청소년 표준 성장 도표를 참고하여 체질량지수 5백분위수 이상인 학생을 대상으로 하였고 연령과 중등도 신체 활동을 보정하여 사회경제적 요인들에 따른 과체중의 교차비를 구하여 분석하였다. 결과: 연령과 중등도 신체 활동을 보정한 과체중의 교차비는여아의 경우 가구 풍요도를 상위 계층, 중산층, 하위 계층으로나누었을 때 상위 계층을 기준으로 중간층과 하위 계층에서교차비가 각각 1.116 (95% 신뢰구간, 1.021-1.220), 1.390 (95%신뢰구간, 1.242-1.555)로 증가되는 경향을 보였다(P<0.05). 하지만 남아의 경우 가구 풍요도와 과체중의 교차비가 유의한 차이가 발견되지 않았다. 또한 남, 녀 모두에서 주관적으로인지하는 경제 상태와 부모의 교육 정도가 낮을수록 과체중의 교차비가 유의하게 증가되었다. 결론: 남아의 경우 가구 풍요도와 과체중간의 연관성이 발견되지 않았으나 그 외의 다른 사회 경제적 요인들에 있어서 사회경제적 상태가 낮을수록 남아, 여아에서 과체중의 위험이증가하는 경향을 보였다. 청소년 과체중을 예방하는데 있어서 개인의 문제로 국한시키기 보다는 국가적 차원에서의 해결 방안을 모색할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Background: Overweight in Korean adolescents has continuously increased over the past few years and it is recognized as a public health problem. We investigated the relationship between socioeconomic status and overweight in Korean adolescents. Methods: The data was obtained from the 2007 Korean Youth’s Risk Behavior Web-based Study. We included adolescents aged 12 to 18 yearswho were ≥ 5th percentile of the BMI cut-off point based on the Korean child growth curve. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between socioeconomic status and overweight. Results: The adjusted odds ratios for overweight were 1.116 (95% confidence interval [CI],1.021 to 1.220), 1.390 (95% CI, 1.242to 1.555) in girls having middle and low grade family affluence scale (FAS), respectively, compared in girls having high grade FAS (P < 0.05). However, in boys, there was no significant relationship between FAS and overweight. In both gender,perceived household economic status and parental education level were negatively related to overweight in adolescents (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Lower socioeconomic status increased the risk of overweight in Korean adolescents. Efforts to reduce socioeconomic disparities in adolescents should be initiated for overweight prevention.
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