‘감통’으로 본 주돈이의 성인경계

Abstract

This paper clarifies Zhou Dunyi's philosophical thought of Truthfulness(誠) through the perspective of Gantong(感通), while showing the value of the realm of the saint in his philosophy. In Zhou Dunyi's philosohpical thought, Gantong aims at a breakthrough in the boundary between the "inner" and the "outer" through cancelling the relationship between understanding and being understood, linking the subjective principle and objective principle to great effect. In other words―the inner and the outer, the mind and the material world, heaven and man―are all linked as one. Zhou Dunyi's Truthfulness is the unity of heaven and man using Truthfulness(誠) as the substance of Nature, the universe and of man. Truthfulness can be said to be Nature.(性) Mysteriousness(神) can be understood as the heart or mind. Truthfulness speaks of its existence, and Mysteriousness speaks of its function and effect. However, Truthfulness and Mysteriousness is in a "one is two and two are one" relationship. Existence implies function, and existence is also shown through function. Therefore existence and function are not two separate things. The Gantong of the mind inevitably shows the real substance of Truthfulness. It is both the responsibility and the morality of man to bring forth the essence of Gantong in the mind. Gantong results from the unity of the subjective principle and the objective principle. It is also seen as an emotional experience. Zhou Dunyi expresses the whole of life as Truthfulness, as mind, as emotions[cosmic feelings], and as Gantong through the realm of the saint.