토마토에서 칼슘수송체와 칼슘결합단백질 공동발현에 의한 칼슘결핍유사증상의 완화
Restriction of Ca2+ deficiency-like symptoms by co-expressing a Ca2+ transporter and a Ca2+-binding protein in tomato
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본 연구는 칼슘 수송체의 하나인 sCAX1과 칼슘결합단백질의 하나인 CRT가 토마토에서 발현했을 때 tip-burn과배꼽썩음병 (BER)이 토마토의 전 생육기간에 걸쳐 어떠한 양상으로 나타나는지를 관찰하는 것에 초점을 맞추어수행하였고, 최종 연구 결과는 CRT 공동발현이 sCAX1 발현에 의해 야기된 병징을 억제시킬 수 있음을 확인시켰다. 양분공급이 불량한 환경하에 놓인 sCAX1 단독 발현토마토 식물체는 그 근단 조직, 정단 조직 및 과실의 암술부착부위 조직에 토마토 재배 농가포장에서 빈번하게관찰되는 칼슘결핍 증상과 일치하는 괴사현상을 나타내었다. sCAX1 형질전환체와 비형질전화체를 각각 대목과접수로 달리 사용한 교호접목 실험을 통해 sCAX1 발현에따른 tip-burn 병징이 토양으로부터의 칼슘이온 흡수에 장애를 받아 생긴 결과가 아님을 확인하였다. 형질전환을통해 CRT 발현 토마토를 획득한 후 CRT가 sCAX1에 의한불량한 특성 발현을 제어할 수 있는지 확인하기 위하여양자간 교배조합을 작성하였다. sCAX1과 CRT를 토마토에서 공동발현 시켰을 때 완벽하지는 않지만 양극 조직의 괴사와 BER이 뚜렷하게 감소되었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 sCAX1 발현에 의해 방해 받은 세포 내 칼슘이온 관련 어떤 기구는 CRT 공동발현을 통해 복구될 수있다는 하나의 모델을 제시할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Here we focused on tip-burn and blossom-end rot (BER) symptoms in the tomato plants expressing the constitutively active form of Ca2+/H+ antiporter (sCAX1) and/or a Ca-binding protein (calreticulin, CRT) genes during their whole growth period. Conclusively we demonstrated that CRT is able to suppress the tip-burn and BER symptoms that were induced by sCAX1. Under poor nutrition condition, tomato plants overexpressing sCAX1 showed severe necrotic collapses in both roots and shoot polar tissues, which are in accordance with Ca2+ deficient symptoms frequently observed in an agricultural cultivation of tomato. Reciprocal grafting trials using sCAX1 and wild type plants revealed that the tip-burn symptom by sCAX1 overexpression is not caused by hindrance of Ca2+ uptake from soil. We constructed CRT overexpressing transgenic tomatoes, and crossed them with sCAX1 transgenic plants to investigate the effects of CRT on the symptoms of sCAX1 transgenic plants. Coexpression of sCAX1 and CRT significantly suppressed the Ca2+ deficient symptoms of sCAX1 transgenic plants. Those results suggest the model that Ca2+ homeostasis disturbed by the overexpression of sCAX1 may be suppressed by the co-expression of CRT.
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