비트겐슈타인의 ‘대상’ -『논고』를 중심으로

Abstract

The early Wittgenstein proved that the structure of the world and that of language are in a corresponding relation by introducing the “picture theory of language.” He also analyzed the world and language by introducing the concept of “atomic ontology.” The final point of the analysis, namely, final logical simple forms are the object and name. They set limitation of an analysis of language or the world. Substantially, the point where a picture relation forms between language and the world is in the relation between states of affairs and elementary propositions. Elementary propositions are a linguistic representation of states of affairs, functioning directly as a picture of states of affairs. However, he attempted one more analysis, the one about the object and name. In picture theory, states of affairs obtain logical independence, because its component is a ‘object.’ A object constitutes the reality of the world, is simple, therefore cannot be analyzed any more, and is fixed and not changing. Meanwhile, states of affairs, which are an array of objects, evolve. objects maintain relationships in a uniform way in states of affairs. For this very reason, however, namely, as they constitute states of affairs, objects are essential. The early Wittgenstein seems to have believed that atomic notions can help clarify meaning of language. To do this, he first of all understood the nature of language as a picture of the world on the basis of the similarity of logical forms of the world and language. In a picture theory of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, semantics shows what the ultimate link between language and the world is, and meaning is in a name referring to a object. The biggest profit from this process is that the meaning of language can be determined as one. In this way, atomic analysis of language from words and names and the fact that words as the final simple forms are significant only when there are the objects that they refer to assume that the early Wittgenstein might have been a reference theorist. But can it be that the object is referred? In this sense, I consider the 'object' carefully. Further more, I consider 'State of affairs' and 'elementary proposition' in next thesis.