근대 동북아시아 사회 하층 고찰을 위한 기초연구:근대 진남포의 일자리와 빈곤 문제를 중심으로

Abstract

This article examined the socio-economic gaps and the status of the lower social class in modern Jinnampo through the jobs and poverty. Jinnampo was a city inhabited by residents who migrated from Korea, Japan, and China. Jinnampo's population grew slowly. However, Jinnampo's industry has not developed much compared to its population. Therefore a large-scale lower social class occurred in the process of dividing limited jobs by a large population. The hard life of the lower social class intensified in the mid-1920s and 1930s, when the economic recession continued. Jinnampo's unemployment and poverty were closely related to the industrial structure established in close relations with the hinterland and the trading destination. Residents were always exposed to unemployment and poverty because the status and conditions of jobs changed depending on the situation of the hinterland and the trading destination. Jinnampo Urban governments and communities have taken various measures to tackle unemployment and poverty, but them were temporary remedies. Residents engaged in labor movements to escape unemployment and poverty, or found the cause of the problem from migrant workers. Unemployment and poverty in the city worsened, and labor disputes over poor working conditions and treatment were frequent, in the mid-1920s and 1930s. As the majority of the population flowing into Jinnampo became workers, the conflict over migrant workers intensified. From the late 1920s to the early 1930s, there was a perception and conflict that Chinese workers took away Korean workers' jobs. However, the actual Chinese population was only a small number of the total population of Jinnampo. Nevertheless, Korean workers were afraid of Chinese workers for the following reasons. In other words, it was the result of a combination of collective labor of Chinese young men, employers' preferences, and negative media articles.