우수 해기인력 확보를 위한 승선근무예비역 제도의 유지·발전방안 연구

Abstract

The public and even those who works in maritime industries are recognized that “Sea power is the naval power.” However, Alfred Mahan, who is firstly used a term of ‘Sea power’, said in his book that “The history of Sea power is mainly the history of the Navy, but not all of it”. Also, he said that “Shipping power in peace time and Naval power in war time are developed mutually and strengthened Sea power”. Therefore, the relationship between the shipping and the navy are complementary. Furthermore, sea, the basis of Sea power, is defined as a global commons such as sky and space, and it is evaluated that only humans can operate and control it. Therefore, the key task and main factor of a success for securing Sea power in the future is assuring human resources. Human resources of Shipping power is a maritime workforce. Comparing with inland workforce, maritime workforce have a lots of duty to be followed of public law in order to achieve a safety of life and property at sea and protection of marine environment. Although, maritime workforce have a unbalanced labor relationship and there is limited opportunity to resolve complaints. Therefore, the avoidance working on board has been increasing. The Merchant Marine Reserve System is a complement to this phenomenon. Merchant Marine Reserve plays a role of national interest such as energy transportation, acquisition of foreign currency and experts in related industries. They are also in charge of supplying military supplies, transporting troops and daily necessity and civilians for sustaining national function in an emergency situation. Therefore, here I suggest, for sustaining and developing Merchant Marine Reserve’s role, the establishment of the maritime workforce into the military force as follow. First, Chapter 4 Service of active duty and etc, Section 2 Full-time Reserve and Merchant Marine Reserve must be divided into separate section and be specified operation plan and procedures. Second, the Government should provide detailed rules of the wartime exception, which should contains the procedure and the plan for the mobilization of Merchant Marine Reserve. Third, the problem of the current private class of Merchant Marine Reserve is assigned as a reserve officer or a non-commissioned reserve officer under wartime exception must be solved. National Sea power is decided by Shipping power in peace time and Naval power in war time. Shipping power, along with the naval power, is one of the pillar of National Sea power. The maritime workforce, which is man power of the shipping, is a driving force of Shipping power in peace time and able to be a naval force immediately in the emergency situation. Therefore, in order to Republic of Korea to become a maritime power in the new era of 21st century, it is necessary to secure stable supply of the highly skilled and trained maritime workforce through the Merchant Marine Reserve System.