해양에너지의「분산에너지 활성화 특별법」 적용에 따른 쟁점 및 개선방안

Abstract

In order to respond to environmental changes such as achieving 'carbon neutrality by 2050' and raising the 'National Greenhouse Gas Reduction Target (NDC)', the 'Special Act on Distributed Energy Activation' was enacted on June 13, 2023 and is being implemented on June 14, 2024.. 「Special Act on Distributed Energy Activation」 resolves social conflicts over regional acceptability resulting from the centralized power system based on the construction of large-scale power plants and long-distance transmission networks, and distributes power as a system that enables production and consumption of power centered on power plants near demand sites. This is to revitalize energy and increase the stability of power supply and demand to make the energy supply system low-carbon. Marine energy has not yet reached the stage of full-scale commercialization worldwide due to fluctuations in output even when extracting power and excessive costs for transmission to land. Therefore, if marine energy can economically reduce development costs and ensure stability and reliability, the marine energy power generation business will gain momentum with the commercialization and profitability of marine energy. The implementation of the “Special Act on Distributed Energy Activation” is expected to contribute to the expansion of marine energy. In this paper, the issues are ① securing the profitability of marine energy, ② the problem of intermittency of distributed energy due to the use of marine renewable energy, and ③ legal issues regarding registration of the 「Distributed Energy Act」 and public law acts of private parties. In addition, the improvement measures of the “Special Act on Activation of Distributed Energy” are primarily aimed at securing the profitability of marine energy: ① Expanding the scope of distributed energy ② Revitalizing distributed energy specialized areas ③ Supplementing electricity users’ supplier options ④ Establishing the basis for calculating electricity rates by region ⑤ Consideration of benefit calculations for distributed energy, etc. Second, as a supplement to the intermittency measures of marine energy, Let󰡑s take a look at the following ① designation of marine renewable energy power generation facility maintenance promotion areas, ② establishment of a distributed energy integrated power plant project (VPP), and other institutional supplements. The “Special Act on the Activation of Distributed Energy” is clearly meaningful in that it lays the foundation for the revitalization of distributed energy, but there is still a long way to go due to being pushed by huge vested interests. Not only must an effective system necessary for distributing and expanding distributed energy be defined, but support methods must also be supplemented.