공화국여성의 통제된 이성애 - 중국 17년 여성문학과 신시기 여성문학을 중심으로

Abstract

This study contemplates the conceptual trend of socially controlled heterosexuality, which was started from Socialism female literature, and developed in 17-year female literature, and finally reached the peak during Cultural revolution in China. Particularly, 17-year female literature, Scar and Remembrance literature of early Chinese contemporary female literature are mainly focused for insightful consideration. Heterosexual feeling between man and woman was extremely excluded from the field of literature because it was branded as the negative, the bourgeois, and the decadence, and revolution-romanticism by “Revolution + Love” was the typical way of literary creation at that time. Although both men and women were forbidden to have serious heterosexual feeling, especially women’s feeling should be nearly annihilated because such emotional annihilation of women played a huge role of making men never feel any heterosexual feeling towards women. Since a woman should be recognized to a man not as an object of heterosexual feeling but as a comrade of revolution accomplishing the development of New China, strict social restriction towards women was ended up with women’s virilization. Even though having heterosexual affection between man and woman was forbidden to all, it destroyed women much more severely. Women who lost femininity became virilization, so that women in the republic of China finally possessed dissonant identity; woman’s body with man’s mind(social gender). This study examines how the national policy in China from 1949 to 1976, so-called ‘the social control of heterosexuality’, was expressed and created in literature. Woman policies the bureaucrat conducted towards women as member of the Republic of China reached the peak during Cultural revolution in China. However, scars and pains of this period caused by prohibiting the creation of pure literature were not reproduced as a form of literary work until reaching Remembrance literary trend and the scars of Chinese contemporary female literature. For this reason, 17-year female literature and early Chinese contemporary female literature became the center of this study as research subjects. To study how heterosexuality had been controlled to women in the People’s Republic of China from 1949 to 1976, the body is mainly divided into three parts for insightful analysis. The first part is ‘Pure heterosexuality and Revolutionary comradeship’. In this part, 「Hong dou」 writthen by ‘Zong pu’, 「Ai, Shibunengwangjide」 written by ‘Zhang jie’, and 「Shang hen」 written by especially male writer; ‘Lu xin hua’ becomes the center of research to consider how heterosexuality was recognized under the social circumstance; ‘revolutionary comradeship’ was the main social consciousness. The second part is ‘Disappeared heterosexuality and Eliminated feminity’. In this part, 「Womenfufuzhijian」 written by ‘Xiao ye mu’, 「Wo zainarcuoguoleni?」 written by ‘Zhang xin xin’, and 「Zuzhibuxinlaideqingnianren」, 「Hu die」 written by ‘Wang meng’ are subjects of consideration how much strictly controlled heterosexuality towards both man and woman affected particularly women. The third part is ‘Heterosexuality in private area and Marriage in public system’. In this part, 「Laochunv」 written by ‘Li hui xin’, 「Rendaozhongnian」 written by ‘Chen rong’, and 「Yu, shashasha」 written by ‘Wang an yi’ are main literary works to analyze the social trend of women’s perception towards heterosexuality during this period and the fact that social restriction towards private area like heterosexuality among people affected public system like marriage.