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성취동기와 창업의도 간 관계에 대한 탐색적 연구: 창업가적 가족배경에 따른 기업가정신의 조건부 효과를 중심으로

An Exploratory Study on the Relationship between Achievement Motivation and Entrepreneurial Intention: Focusing on the Conditional Effects of Entrepreneurship by Entrepreneurial Family Background

추승엽|박문선
한국창업학회|2024.02|한국창업학회지 (Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Socieity)|제19권 제1호|pp. 1-28|DOI 10.24878/tkes.2024.19.1.1

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기업가정신entrepreneurship성취동기achievement motivation역할모델role modelentrepreneurial intention창업의도창업가적 가족배경entrepreneurial family background

초록

본 연구는 한국의 대학생을 대상으로 성취동기와 창업의도 간 인과관계에서 대학생의창업의도를 이끌어내는 매개자로서의 기업가정신과 역할모델로서의 창업가적 가족배경의 역할을 탐색하였다. 구체적으로 본 연구는 2022년 기업가정신실태조사(개인편)의 재학 중인 대학생 536개 표본을 대상으로 조건부 과정 분석 모델 8(Hayes’ process macro)을 통해 성취동기와 창업의도 간 관계에 있어서 창업가적 가족배경의 조건에 따른 직접 경로와 기업가정신을 경유하는 간접 경로를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 성취동기가창업의도에 미치는 직접효과는 유의하지 않았으며, 성취동기는 기업가정신을 통해 창업의도로 간접효과를 가지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 성취동기가 기업가정신을 통해 창업의도에 미치는 간접적인 영향은 창업가적 가족배경이 있는 조건에서 더 큰 영향을 가지는것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 성취동기로부터 기업가정신이 발현되어 최종 창업의도로 연결되기 위해서는 대학생의 기업가정신 및 창업교육에 있어서 창업가적 가족배경에 적합하거나 창업을 지원하는 역할 모델을 제공할 수 있는 교육프로그램 마련이 필요함을시사한다.

Abstract

This study explores the mediating role of entrepreneurship and the moderating role of entrepreneurial family background as a role model in the causal relationship between achievement motivation and entrepreneurial intention among college students in Korea. Specifically, the study analyzed the direct and indirect pathways between achievement motivation and entrepreneurial intention, conditioned on the entrepreneurial family background, using a sample of 536 college students from the 2022 Korea National Entrepreneurship Survey (Individual) through conditional process analysis (Hayes’ process macro, model 8). The results showed that the direct effect of achievement motivation on entrepreneurial intention was not significant; however, achievement motivation indirectly influenced entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurship. Additionally, the indirect effect of achievement motivation on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurship was more substantial when having an entrepreneurial family background. The findings suggest the need for educational programs in college entrepreneurship education that provide suitable role models to support entrepreneurship for students with no entrepreneurial family backgrounds, aligning with or enhancing entrepreneurship, especially for students with entrepreneurial family backgrounds, to connect achievement motivation to entrepreneurial intention effectively.

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