시진핑 시대 문화정책의 이념 구조와 제도화 과정

Abstract

Under the leadership of Xi Jinping, China’s cultural policy has evolved beyond conventional cultural administration to function as a strategic instrument for concretizing the Party’s governing ideology. Central to this transformation are the concepts of “cultural confidence” and the “Two Integrations” (兩個結合), which seek to redefine China’s cultural identity through the creative integration of Marxist principles with traditional Chinese culture. This paper examines how this ideological structure has been institutionalized in the design and implementation of national cultural policy. During the institutionalization process, Xi Jinping Thought on Culture has been materialized as a comprehensive governance strategy encompassing artistic creation, public cultural services, and everyday cultural activities. Culture has been redefined not merely as an object of expression or enjoyment, but as a practical mechanism for embodying Party ideology and reconstructing social order. In this framework, political legitimacy is increasingly grounded in the formation of cultural identity. While this policy orientation contributes to the systematization of cultural governance and the ideological integration of cultural affairs, it simultaneously generates structural tensions that constrain artistic autonomy and cultural diversity. The prioritization of political legitimacy risks undermining creativity and critical expression, potentially diminishing the long-term vitality and sustainability of China’s cultural ecosystem. Thus, the cultural governance strategy of the Xi Jinping era has achieved certain institutional outcomes through ideological consolidation, yet its inherent limitations have also become increasingly apparent.