사회적 소수자로서의 아프로·아르헨티나인: 19세기 흑인 인구의 은폐 과정
Afro-Argentines as Social Minority: The Process of Concealment of Black Population in the 19th Century
0
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Since Argentina was constructed in the 19th century, the identitydiscourse which claims that the Argentine people are racially whiteand culturally European has been sustained. Before the Spanishcolonists came to this region, the indigenous peoples indios lived thereand in the 16th century the black Africans were introduced as slaves. However, although they contributed to Argentina in many ways, theseracial groups disappeared after the construction of the nation andthe massive settlement of European immigrants who poured intothe country. Most importantly the existence of blacks was concealeddeliberately by the white ruling elites’ racist policy based on the theoryof the evolutionists. In this context, this paper deals with the processof black Africans’ alienation from mainstream society as a socialminority, through the formation of European-white identity discourse,and the fictional background created through the mechanism of anational census. This discussion reveals how the Argentine rulingelites distorted and concealed the black community in order to achievetheir goal of constructing a homogeneous society. In other words,this paper attempts to peel off the erroneous myth relating to theArgentine identity.
Abstract
Since Argentina was constructed in the 19th century, the identitydiscourse which claims that the Argentine people are racially whiteand culturally European has been sustained. Before the Spanishcolonists came to this region, the indigenous peoples indios lived thereand in the 16th century the black Africans were introduced as slaves. However, although they contributed to Argentina in many ways, theseracial groups disappeared after the construction of the nation andthe massive settlement of European immigrants who poured intothe country. Most importantly the existence of blacks was concealeddeliberately by the white ruling elites’ racist policy based on the theoryof the evolutionists. In this context, this paper deals with the processof black Africans’ alienation from mainstream society as a socialminority, through the formation of European-white identity discourse,and the fictional background created through the mechanism of anational census. This discussion reveals how the Argentine rulingelites distorted and concealed the black community in order to achievetheir goal of constructing a homogeneous society. In other words,this paper attempts to peel off the erroneous myth relating to theArgentine identity.
참고문헌 (25)
- Alberdi, Juan Bautista, "Bases y puntos de partida para la organización de la República de Argentina" (2006), Diferencias
- Andrews, George Reid, "Los afroargentinos de Buenos Aires" (1989), Ediciones de la Flor
- Bartolomé, Miguel Alberto, "Los pobladores del ‘Desierto’: genocidio, etnocidio y etnogénesis en la Argentina", Cuadernos de Antropología Social, (17), pp.163~189 (2003)
- Chamosa, "La vida política en la Argentina del siglo XIX. Armas, votos y voces", pp.115~135 (2003), Fondo de Culura Económica
- Cirio, Norberto Pablo, "Estudios sobre la cultura afro-rioplatense. Historia y presente", pp.130~154 (2003)
- Contarino Sparta, Luciana, "Africanos en la Argentina: una visibilidad compleja", Asociación Latinoamericana de Estudios de Asia y Africa, XIII congreso internacional de ALADAA (2011)
- Frigerio, Alejandro, "Negros y blancos en Buenos Aires: repensando nuestras categorías raciales", Temas de Patrimonio Cultural, (16), pp.77~98 (2006)
- Frigerio, Alejandor, "Aprodescendientes y africanos en la Argentina", pp.1~46 (2011), PNUD
- Fuentes, Carlos, "Latinamericaeui Yeoksa(El espejo enterrado)" (1997), Kachi
- "Negros, pobres y argentinos. Identificaciones de raza, de clase y de nacionalidad en la comunidad afroporteña, 1870-1880, Nuevo Mundo / Mundos Nuevos" (2004)[URL]
- Goldberg, Marta, "La población negra y mulata de la ciudad de Buenos Aires 1810-1840", Desarrollo Económico, 16(61), pp.79~91 (1979)
- Goldberg, Marta, "Los negros de Buenos Aires", Presencia Africana en Sudamérica, Dirección General de Culturas Populares, Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, pp.529~607 (1995)
- Gomes, Victoria, "Los negros-africanos en la historia argentina", Bibliopress, boletín del Congreso Nacional (2005)
- Guzmán, Florencia, "Africanos en la Argentina, una reflexión desprevenida", Andes, enero-diciembre, (17), pp.197~238 (2006)
- Hernández, José, "Martín Fierro" (1973), Espasa-Calpe
- Kleidermacher, Gisele, "Africanos y afrodescendientes en la Argentina: invisibilización, discriminación y racismo", RITA, 59~72 (2012)
- Lanuza, José Luis, "Una historia de la raza africana en el Río de la Plata" (1967), Schapire
- López, Laura Cecilia, "De transnacionalización y censos. Los ‘Afro-descendientes’ en Argentina", Revista de Antropología Iberoamericana, 1(2), pp.265~286
- Morasso, Carla, "Eurocentrismo y estudios africanos en Argentina", Otro Sur digital, Año, 1(2), pp.1~15 (2011)
- Ocoró Loango, Anny, "Los negros y negras en la Argentina: entre la barbarie, la exotización, la invisibilización y el racismo de Estado", La manzana de la discordia, julio-diciembre, 5(2), pp.45~63 (2010)
- Sarmiento, Domingo Faustino, "Facundo" (1979), Centro Editor de América Latina
- Studer, Elena, "La trata de negros en el Río de la Plata durante el siglo XVIII" (1984), Libros de Hispanoamérica
- 서성철, "보두신앙과 정치 -18세기 아이티 노예해방 운동을 중심으로", 이베로아메리카, 15(2), pp.45~67 (2013), 중남미지역원
- Tur Donatti, Carlos M., "Herencia africana, cultura popular y nacionalismos en Argentina", presentado en el Coloquio Afroamérica (2009)
- Uh, Seok-Kyun, "Latinamericaui Yeoksawa Sasang(Latin American History and Thought)", pp.156~176 (1999), Kachi