탄소중립과 수소에너지 지하저장
Carbon Neutrality and Underground Hydrogen Storage
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초록
이 연구는 온실가스의 급격한 배출량 증가를 막고 지구와 인류의 지속가능성을 확보하고자 추진하는 탄소 중립과 매우 밀접한 관계를 가지는 청정에너지원인 수소의 대규모 저장기술을 검토하였다. 기존 천연가스 저장에 널리 사용된 지하저장기술은 대규모 수소저장에 적합한 유일한 기술로널리 알려져 있다. 많은 국가들이 암염공동이나 대수층 및 고갈유가스전과 같은 지질학적 구조를활용하여 수소를 저장하는 프로젝트를 수행하고 있다. 이에 반해 우리나라는 암염공동, 대수층 또는 고갈유가스전과 같은 지질구조가 없기에 암반공동을 활용한 지하저장방식이 대규모 수소저장을 위한 유일한 선택지이다. 특히 암반공동을 이용하면 고압의 기체상태 또는 극저온의 액체상태등과 같이 다양한 조건에 적용할 수 있으며 지상부지 활용 측면과 보안, 안전 측면에서도 유리하다. 따라서 향후 안정적이며 지속가능한 수소경제사회의 필수 인프라가 될 것이다
Abstract
This study investigates current technology on large-scale underground hydrogen storage, a clean carbon neutral energy source to prevent the rapid increase of greenhouse gases, and to secure the sustainability of the Earth and mankind. Underground storage technology, which is used for natural gas storage, is widely accepted as the only technology suitable for large-scale hydrogen storage. Many countries have initiated underground hydrogen storage projects by exploiting geological structures such as salt caverns, depleted reservoirs, and aquifers. In Korea, an excavated rock cavern is a unique alternative for hydrogen storage because the other geological structures do not exist. In addition, rock cavern storage can be used for high-pressure gas or cryogenic liquid, and has an advantageous position in the land use, security, and safety aspects. Therefore, it will become an essential infrastructure for the stable and sustainable future hydrogen economy.
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