퇴적암반과 결정질암반에서의 심층처분장 부지조사를 위한 반사법탐사 사례 연구
A Study on Previous Cases of Seismic Reflection Surveys for Deep Geological Disposal Site Investigations in Crystalline and Sedimentary Host Rocks
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초록
사용후핵연료 심층처분장 처분부지 모암으로 결정질암반과 퇴적암반이 선호되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 퇴적암반에서의 스위스 사례와 결정질암반에서의 스웨덴과 캐나다 사례를 검토하였다. 스위스는 반사법탐사 적용을 통해 처분부지 후보모암을 Opalinus clay 지층으로 결정하고 Opalinus clay 지층을 포함한 중생대 퇴적층의 경계를 고분해능으로 영상화하였다. 또한, 3차원 반사법탐사를 적용하여 Opalinus clay 지층의 분포와 소규모 단층 정보를 파악하였다. 스웨덴은 Forsmark 부지에 반사법탐사를 적용하여 부지 내부에 분포하는 변형구조 렌즈에 대한 지질학적인 정보를 파악하였으며, 부지인근에 분포하는 3가지 변형대에 대한 지질구조를 파악하였다. 캐나다는 Ignace 부지에 반사법탐사를 적용하여 부지 인근에 분포하는 반사체의 분포위치, 경사각 등 지질구조에 대한 정보를 파악하였다.
Abstract
Crystalline and sedimentary rocks are the preferred host rocks in deep repositories for spent nuclear fuels. This study examined the Swiss case of sedimentary rocks and Swedish and Canadian cases of crystalline rocks. In Switzerland, a reflection survey was used to identify the candidate host rock for the disposal site as the Opalinus clay formation and to create images of the boundaries of the Mesozoic sedimentary layers, including the Opalinus clay formation. A 3D reflection survey was conducted to determine the distribution and small-scale faulting of the Opalinus clay formation. Sweden conducted reflection surveys at the Forsmark site to obtain geological information on the deformation lenses within the site and to characterize the geology of the three deformation zones near the site. Canada conducted a reflection survey at the Ignace site to obtain information on its geological structure, including the location and dipping angles of the reflectors distributed in the vicinity of the site.
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