“中華民族多元一體”로 보는 중국조선족의 정체성 문제

Abstract

China is a multiracial and geographically diverse nation of thirteen hundred million people. Currently there are fifty five ethnic minorities in China, the proportion of which is 8.41% amounting more than one hundred million, whose residence spreads across more than 64% of the country territory. Thus, Chinese government considers the issues of ethnic minorities to be a serious danger to national security. Minorities live across the country, and show high birthrates and illiteracy. For this reason, minorities issues are closely related to the stability and progress of the overall nation, which is also tied to a struggle against poverty that has been one of major social issues in China. Given the fact that ethnic issues play an important role politically and economically, we can see why Chinese government is gradually developing political brainwash pursuing prosperity of Chinese people through a slogan “unity of nation,” stressing “pluralistic unity of the Chinese nation.”Chinese Korean has been monitored and regulated by central government since the amity between Korea and China in 1992 which causes weakening of Chinese Korean’s allegiance toward Chinese government, and facing with massive merging of huge number of North Korean defectors into Chinese Korean’s society due to heavy influence on it by Korea via China’s reforming and opening policy. Therefore, Chinese government is actively involved in the project leading to favorable direction that would overcome an influence and percussion on social stability of northeast region of China caused by the change of state of affairs in the Korean Peninsula in the near future. Meanwhile, utilizing the spirit of “all plurality in one for Chinese people,” Chinese government has attempted to change Joseon people’s(Chinese Korean) thought that Manchuria was Korean people’s homeland, which could hinder them in advance from being in commotion and separation. At this stage, China’s national goals presuppose and take priority of social stability and resurgence of nation. Given this, separation and independent movements occurring in the fringe areas of China can be serious problems for Chinese government. Thus, it is obvious that China will not allow any kinds of factors that would run counter to unity of nation.