교사의 자기결정성이 교직에 대한 내재적 동기 및 학생에 대한 관심과 이해에 미치는 영향
The Influence of Secondary School Teachers' Self-determination on Intrinsic Motivation to Teach and Interest toward Student Learning
0
조회
0
다운로드
41
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
교사의 동기는 교수-학습 전 과정에 광범위한 영향력을 행사함에도 불구하고 그동안의 동기 연구는 주로 학생에만 집중하여 교사의 동기를 다룬 연구는 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 본 연구는 중고등학교 교사를 대상으로 하여 비교적 최근에 제안된 ‘자기결정성’ 동기의 모습과 수준을 확인하고, 자율성, 유능감, 관련성이라는 자기결정성의 세 하위 요인이 교사가 교직에 대한 내재적 동기와 학생에 대한 이해와 관심에 어떠한 영향력을 행사하는지를 경험적으로 탐색하고자 하였다. 경기도 소재 중, 고등학교에 재직 중인 교사 1,060명을 대상으로 자기결정성, 교직에 대한 내재적 동기, 학생에 대한 관심과 이해를 측정하는 질문지를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우리나라 중고등학교 교사들은 유능감과 관계성을 상대적으로 높게 지각하지만 자율성을 현저히 낮게 지각하고 있다. 남자 교사들은 신규교사일 때는 자기결정성 수준이 높았으나 교직경력이 증가하면서 급격하게 감소하는 모습을 보인다. 둘째, 유능감과 관계성이 교직에 대한 내재적 동기를 유의하게 예언한 반면, 학생에 대한 관심과 이해를 예언하는데 있어 유의한 변인은 자율성과 관계성인 것으로 나타남으로써, 교직에 대한 내재적 동기와 학생에 대한 이해와 관심은 교사에게 있어 차원이 다른 심리적 특성임을 확인할 수 있었다. 셋째, 관계성은 Deci와 Ryan의 자기결정성 이론에서 관계성은 상대적으로 소홀히 된 부분이지만 본 연구에서는 내재적 동기 및 학생 이해에 미치는 상대적 기여도가 큼을 확인하였다. 이상의 연구 결과들을 토대로 교사 교육과 관련한 이론적, 실제적 시사점들을 논의하였다.
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of secondary school teachers' self-determination on intrinsic motivation to teach and interest toward student learning. The degree to which teachers are self-determined differs as a function of teaching experience and gender was also examined. The three psychological needs, need for competence, autonomy, and relatedness were used as indicators of self-determination. A total of 1,060 secondary school teachers completed three sets of self-report questionnaires: The Basic Need Satisfaction at Work Scale, the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, and the Teacher Concerns Questionnaire. Results showed that Korean secondary school teachers had lower perception of autonomy compared to those of competence and relatedness. Two-way ANOVA revealed that male experienced teachers showed the lowest level of self-determination in all areas of competence, autonomy, and relatedness. In addition, it was shown that among the three indicators of self-determination, perceptions of competence and relatedness were significant predictors of intrinsic motivation to teach while perceptions of autonomy and relatedness significantly contributed to interest toward student learning.
참고문헌 (40)
- "우리교육 어디로 가야하나", pp.65~94 (2004), 서울 : 교육과학사
- ". Teacher behavior and student achievement. In M. C. Wittrock Handbook of research on teaching. New York" (1986), Macmillan.
- "Motivating students to learn (2nd ed.)" (2004), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
- "Beyond concerns with self The sophisticated thinking of beginning student teachers", 26(3), pp.259~278 (2000)
- ". The relation of interest to thye motivation of behavior A self-determination theory perspective. In K. A. Renninger The role of interest in learning and development. Hillsdale" (1992)
- ". Characteristics of the rewarder and intrinsic motivation of the rewardee. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology", pp.~10 (1981)
- ". Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. New York" (1985), Plenum
- "The ‘what ’ and ‘why’of goal pursuit: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior", 11(4), pp.227~268 (2000)
- ". What emotion categories or dimensions can observers judge from facial behavior? In P. Ekman Emotion in the human face", pp.39~55 (1982), Cambridge University Press.
- "Cross-validation of a model of intrinsic motivation with students enrolled in high school elective courses", 71, pp.41~65 (2002)
- "Undermining children's self-determination and performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology", pp.~924 (1990)
- ". Concerns of teachers", pp.~226 (1969)
- "A manual for use of the teacher concerns questionnaire. Austin University of Texas Research and Development Center." (1978)
- "The relationship between perceptions of teaching concerns, teacher efficacy, and selected teacher characteristics", 15, pp.487~496 (1999)
- ". Classroom belonging among early adolescent students Relationships to motivation and achievement. Journal of Early Adolescence", pp.21~43 (1993)
- "Preservice teachers' motivation and leadership behaviors related to career choice", 30(2), pp.101~124 (2005)
- ". The relationship between perceived competence affect and motivational orientation within the classroom Processes and patterns of change. In A.K. Boggiano and T.S. Pittman", pp.77~114 (1992), Cambridge University Press.
- ". Individual differences in the effects of educational transitions on young adolescents' perceptions of competence and motivational orientation. American Educational Research Journal", pp.~807 (1992)
- ". Employee and supervisor ratings of motivation Main effects and discrepancies associated with job satisfaction and adjustment in a factory setting. Journal of Applied Social Psychology", pp.~1805 (1993)
- ". The face of emotion. New York" (1971)
- "Motivational determinants of flow Contributions from self-determination theory", 139, pp.355~368 (1999)
- "Interested instructors: A composite portrait of individual differences and effectiveness", 22, pp.303~314 (2006)
- ". Explaining within-semester changes in student effort in junior high school and senior high school courses. Journal of Educational Psychology", pp.~211 (1991)
- "Goal-orientation and teacher motivation among teacher applicants and student teachers", 22, pp.58~76 (2006)
- "Teacher concerns and teacher life stages", 73, pp.53~72 (2005)
- "Human learning (4th ed.)" (2004), Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA: Pearson
- ". Situated motivation. In P. R. Pintrich Essays in honor of Wilbert J. McKeachie. Hillsdale" (1994)
- "What's Everybody So Excited About?': The Effects of Teacher Enthusiasm on Student Intrinsic Motivation and Vitality", 68, pp.217~236 (2000)
- "Teacher concerns and teacher life stages", 73, pp.53~72 (2005)
- "What’s everybody so excited about?＂: The effects of teacher enthusiasm on student intrinsic motivation and vitality", 68(3), pp.217~236 (2000)
- "Pressure from aboce and pressure from below as determinants of teachers’ motivation and teaching behaviors", 94(1), pp.186~196 (2002)
- ". A general psychoevolutionary theory of emotion. In R. Plutchik & H. Kellerman Vol. 1. Theories of emotion", pp.3~33 (1980)
- "Changes in learning motivation and interest in vocational education: Halfway through the study" (1998), Kiel, Germany: IPN
- "Autonomy-supportive teachers: How they teach and motivate students", 91, pp.537~548 (1999)
- ". The use of direct observation to study teaching. In R. Travers Second handbook of research on teaching. Chicago" (1973)
- ". Control and information in the intrapersonal sphere An extension of cognitive evaluation theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology", pp.~461 (1982)
- "An Interaction of Teacher and School Variables: Assessing Influences on Secondary Teacher Motivation, Retention, School Participation, and Professional Development" (2005)
- "Social relationships and motivation in middle school The role of parents teachers and peers", 90, pp.202~209 (1998)
- "Perceiving others as or extrinsically motivated Effects on expectancy formation and task enjoyment", 23, pp.837~848 (1997)
- "Teacher stress? An analysis of why teachers leave and why they stay", 6(3), pp.292~304 (2000)