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중등 과학교사들의 과학 탐구과정에 대한 인식 - 설명변인 분석을 중심으로

Science Teachers' Inquiry Process Orientation Toward Science - Focusing on Analysis of Explanatory Variables

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참고문헌

키워드

주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구의 목적은 중등 과학교사들의 과학탐구과정 인식과 이에 대한 설명변인을 조사하는 것이다. 서울시의 중학교 과학교사 72명과 고등학교 과학교사 76명이 설문에 참여하였다. 사용된 조사도구는 과학탐구과정 인식의 도구와 설명변인을 조사하기 위하여 사용된 학생통제관의 도구이다. 또한 교사들의 학력, 경력 년 수, 과학탐구수업에 대한 태도, 과학수업능력에 대한 자기평가, 과학수업효과에 대한 기대의 문항이 함께 조사되었다. 조사한 모든 변인에 대하여 피어슨 상관계수를 조사하였고 과학탐구과정 인식에 대한 설명변인을 조사하기 위해서 선형회귀분석을 하였다. 그 결과 중학교와 고등학교 과학교사들의 과학탐구과정 인식은 모두 보통 수준이었으며, 중학교 교사들의 과학탐구과정 인식을 설명하는 변인은 경력, 과학수업능력에 대한 자기평가, 학력, 과학탐구수업태도 순으로 유의미하였다. 중학교 과학교사들의 경력 년 수가 적을수록, 학력이 높을수록, 과학탐구수업태도가 긍정적일수록, 과학수업능력에 대한 자기평가가 높을수록 과학탐구과정 인식이 높음을 나타냈다. 고등학교 과학교사들의 과학탐구과정 인식을 설명하는 변인은 학생통제관, 과학탐구수업태도, 과학수업능력에 대한 자기평가 순으로 유의미하였다. 고등학교 과학교사들의 과학탐구수업태도가 긍정적일수록, 과학수업능력에 대한 자기평가가 높을수록, 학생통제관이 인본주의일수록 과학탐구과정 인식이 높음을 나타냈다. 과학교육 목표인 학생들의 탐구능력을 위해서는 과학교사들의 과학탐구과정 인식이 높아야 하고 이를 위해 교사들이 실질적인 과학탐구과정 경험을 할 수 있는 교사양성교육과 재교육의 필요함이 제기 되었다.

Abstract

This study examined science teachers' scientific inquiry process orientation and the significant explanatory variables for explaining their scientific inquiry process orientation. For this study, 72 inservice science teachers in Middle Schools and 76 in High Schools participated. Two instruments were used POTSS (Process Orientation Toward Science Scale) and PCI (Pupil Control Ideology). Five questions regarding teachers' 1) degree, 2) the number of years of teaching, 3) attitudes toward science teaching by inquiry, 4) self-rating of science teaching capability, 5) expectancy of science teaching effectiveness, were also used for investigating the significant explanatory variables of teachers' scientific inquiry process orientation. The data analysis performed by Pearson's correlation coefficient and the enter method of linear regression. The results showed that both science teachers' scientific inquiry process orientations in Middle Schools and High Schools were not high. The explanatory variables of science teachers' scientific inquiry process in Middle Schools were their degree, the number of teaching years, attitudes toward science teaching by inquiry, and self-rating of science teaching capability. The explanatory variables of science teachers in High Schools were their attitudes toward science teaching by inquiry, self-rating of science teaching capability, and pupil control ideology. The results of this study suggested that both inservice and preservice science teachers need to be exposed to experiences of doing authentic open inquiry in their science teacher education program to attain the goal of students' scientific inquiry. Discussions based on the results and suggestions for future research were presented.

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