부정적 온라인 구전 커뮤니케이션의 효과에 관한 연구
A Study on Effects of the Negative Online Word-Of-Mouth Communication
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초록
소비자 정보탐색은 크게 인적매체와 비인적매체로 구분할 수 있으며, 구전은 인적매체의 대표적 수단이다. 인터넷의 보급과 소비자 구매 환경의 변화로 많은 소비자들이 온라인을 통해 정보탐색을 하고 있다. 이와 같이 온라인을 통한 이전 소비자들의 경험이나 정보 공유를 온라인 구전이라 한다. 온라인 구전에 대한 이전 연구는 주로 부정적 구전에 중점을 두고 있지만 연구결과는 불일치하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 부정적 온라인 구전효과에 영향을 미치는 개인특성 변수의 조절효과를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 부정적 온라인 구전의 효과로 메시지에 대한 신뢰성, 메시지 수용 그리고 제품에 대한 태도로 구분하고, 조절초점과 소비자 전문지식의 두 가지 변수가 이들 효과에 미치는 조절적 역할을 검증하였다. 연구결과 예방초점 지향적 소비자가 향상초점 지향적 소비자 보다 메시지 신뢰성 및 수용에 있어서 더욱 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 제품에 대한 태도에서는 차이가 없었다. 또한 소비자 지식에 따른 차이가 발견되었다. 제품에 대한 태도에서는 초보자 집단이 전문가 집단 보다 더 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났지만 메시지 신뢰성 및 수용에서는 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 종합하면 부정적 온라인 구전효과는 메시지에 대한 신뢰 및 수용과 제품에 대한 태도가 서로 분리되어 나타난다는 것이다.
Abstract
Consumers' information search is divided into the personal and non-personal media, and word-of-mouth is a typical means of personal media. The expansion of the Internet has extended consumers' options for searching product information by the Internet. Consumers now use the Internet to share experience and opinion, which is called online word-of-mouth. Review valence has been the most frequently investigated topic. But results from previous studies are inconsistent and mixed. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effect of personal characteristic variables on the negative online word-of-mouth effect. This study is to investigate the moderating impact of reviewer characteristics, such as regulatory focus and consumers' knowledge, on the online WOM effect. Our study examines the moderating effect on online WOM effect. Our results show that there is the moderating role of regulatory focus for message credibility and adoption. But the moderating effect of regulatory focus is not founded regardless of the attitude toward product. Another interesting finding of this study is that the impact of consumer knowledge on the attitude toward product is greater for novices than for experts. However, there are no significant differences for message credibility and adoption. To sum up, the negative online word-of-mouth effect regarding message credibility and adoption, and attitude toward product is separate separated from each other.
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