교사의 미래교육역량 진단지표 개발 및 타당화
Development and Validation of Indicators for Teachers' Future Education Competency
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본 연구의 목적은 교사의 미래교육역량을 진단할 수 있는 지표를 개발하고 그 타당성을 검증하는 것이다. 교사의 미래교육역량은 미래사회에서 학생에게 필요한 창의적 문제해결, 소통·협력 역량을 함양할 수 있도록 디지털 기술을 활용한 수업을 실행하기 위해 필요한 역량으로 정의하였다. 이를 위해 선행연구 분석을 통해 교사의 미래교육역량 하위영역을 구성하고 예비 문항을 구성하였다. 2차에 걸친 15인의 전문가 델파이 조사를 통해 문항을 타당화하고, 110명의 현직 교사를 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 탐색적 요인분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 디지털 기술 활용 및 교수, 창의적 문제해결 및 소통·협력 지원, 디지털 시민성 3개 영역, 5개 하위요인, 총 24개 문항으로 구성된 교사의 미래교육역량 행동지표가 개발되었다. 탐색적 요인분석 결과, ‘디지털 기술 활용’과 ‘디지털 교수’역량 요인 간의 상호의존성이 관찰되었다. 개별 문항들의 요인부하량이 적절하였으며, 최종 문항의 전체 신뢰도는 .945로 양호하게 나타났다. 본 연구는 교사를 위한 미래교육역량의 중요성을 제안하고 이를 측정할 수 있는 구체적인 지표를 개발하였다는 데 의의가 있다. 향후 이러한 지표들을 진단도구로 활용하여 교육청, 학교 단위에서 교사에게 필요한 연수 프로그램의 기획, 운영을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고 연수 프로그램의 효과성을 평가하는 데 활용할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a set of diagnostic indicators to measure teachers' future education competency. These competencies are defined as the abilities required to use digital technology in fostering students' creative problem-solving, and communication and collaboration skills essential for the future. To achieve this, sub-domains of teachers' future education competency were identified through a review of previous research, and preliminary items were constructed. The validity of these items was verified through a two-round Delphi survey with 15 experts, followed by exploratory factor analysis based on responses from 110 in-service teachers. The set of indicators consists of 24 items across 5 domains, summarized into 3 overarching factors: 1) utilization of digital technology in teaching, 2) support for creative problem-solving and communication/collaboration, and 3) digital citizenship. Our exploratory factor anlaysis revealed a mutual dependence among using digital technology, teaching with digital technology and teaching for 21st century skills. All factor loadings were appropriate and the overall reliability of the final tool was excellent, with a Cronbach's alpha of .952. The developed assessment tool can serve as a foundational resource for planning and implementing professional development programs for teachers at the school and district levels, and it can also be utilized to measure the effectiveness of teacher professional development programs.
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