학습자 대시보드의 사용성 평가: 상호작용 정보의 시각화에 대한 학습자 인식 탐색
Usability test of learner dashboard: Visualization of multi-dimensional interaction information
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본 연구에서는 온라인 학습 맥락에서 발생하는 다양하고 복잡한 상호작용 현상을 효과적, 효율적으로 표상할 수 있는 대시보드 설계 방안을 제안하고, 이에 대한 학습자의 인식을 탐색하고자 한다. 본연구를 위하여 개발된 대시보드는 학습자-학습자료, 학습자-교수자, 학습자-학습자 간 상호작용 정보를직관적으로 전달하기 위해 사회연결망분석 시각화 기법을 적용하였고, 제시되는 정보의 유형과 양에대하여 학습자의 통제권을 부여하였다. 학습자가 실제로 대시보드를 어떻게 인식하고 활용하는가를알아보기 위해 대학생 8명을 모집하여 대시보드를 사용하도록 한 후 심층 인터뷰를 진행하였다. 이를시각적 매력성, 사용성, 정보 이해도, 정보 유용성, 행동변화 의향의 측면에서 분석한 결과, 참여자들은 대시보드 사용법이 비교적 쉽고 직관적이며, 대시보드 사용 후 행동변화 의향이 생겼다고 응답하였다. 다양한 상호작용 정보를 종합하여 심층적으로 추론하는 학습자도 있었으나 피상적으로 이해하는 학습자도 있었는데, 이러한 차이는 동료 학습자의 활동에 대한 관심, 디지털 기기 사용 경험과 같은 참여자의 특성과 관련이 있었다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 다양한 상호작용 정보를 제공하는 대시보드를 설계할 필요가 있다는 결론을 도출하였으며, 대시보드 설계 시 고려해야 하는 시각화 방법과 학습자 특성에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to suggest a dashboard design providing multi-dimensional interaction information between learner-learner, learner-instructor and learner-contents, and explore learners’ perception on the dashboard. The dashboard developed for this study adopted social network analysis visualization techniques to intuitively represent three types of interaction information, providing learners with control over the amount and type of information. In order to evaluate how learners perceive and utilize the given dashboard, eight university students were recruited and then asked to use the dashboard, followed by one-on-one interviews. As a result, participants responded that the use of the dashboard was relatively easy and intuitive, and that they were willing to change their behavior after using them. Some learners put together various interaction information to make in-depth reasoning, while others had a superficial understanding, which related to the characteristics of participants, such as interest in peer learners’ activity and prior experience in using digital devices. The results imply that it is necessary to design a dashboard that integrates various and complicated interaction information to promote monitoring learning more effectively. Furthermore, visualization methods and learner characteristics should be carefully considered in designing the learner dashboard.
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