동일 어종(갈치, 참조기) 어획에 대한 다수 어업별 온실가스 배출량 정량적 분석
A quantitative analysis of greenhouse gases emissions by multiple fisheries for catching the same species (hairtail and small yellow croaker)
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전세계적으로 온실가스 배출에 대한 관심이 높게 증가하고 있다. 수산업 분야에서는 2015는 파리기후변화협약으로 인하여 온실가스 배출이 매우 중요한 이슈이다. 한국정부는 2020년까지 수산분야에서 BAU대비 4.8%의 온실가스 배출을 감소시킬 계획을 가지고 있다. 더나아가, 한국정부는 2021년 기후적응서밋에서 2050년 탄소중립을 달성하겠다고 선언하였다. 그러나, 한국 수산분야의 온실가스배출 연구는 광범위하게 수행되지 않았다. 한국 수산업으로부터 배출되는 온실가스량에 관한 지금까지의 연구는 주로 업종별 배출량에 관하여 진행되어 있다. 그러나 수산업으로 배출되는 온실가스량에 관한 앞으로의 연구는 탄소표지제 도입을 대비하기 위하여 어종별 탄소배출량을 수행할 필요가 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 다양한 업종으로부터 어종(갈치, 참조기)을 생산하는데 배출되는 온실가스량을 분석하고자한다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 업종으로부터 어획되는 어종(갈치, 참조기)을 생산하는데 배출되는 온실가스량을 전과정평가에 의하여 분석하였으며, 전과정평가를 위하여 각 프로세스 단계를 위한 입력요소와 시스템경계를 정의하였다. 온실가스배출량은 어획활동에 의한 부분만 다루었다. 더 나아가 어종별 단위생산 및 어종 연간생산량에 의하여 배출되는 온실가스량을 다양한 업종별로 분석하였다. 본 결과는 한국 수산업으로부터 배출되는 온실가스 상황을 이해하는데 도움을 줄 수 잇을 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
The concern on the greenhouse gas emission is strongly increasing globally. In fishery industry section, the greenhouse gas emissions are an important issue according to The Paris Climate Change Accord in 2015. The Korean government has a plan to reduce the GHG emissions as 4.8% compared to the BAU in fisheries until 2020. Furthermore, the Korean government has also declared to achieve the carbon neutrality in 2050 at the Climate Adaptation Summit 2021. However, the investigation on the GHG emissions from Korean fisheries did not carry out extensively. Most studies on GHG emissions from Korean fishery have dealt with the GHG emissions by fishery classification so far. However, follow-up studies related to GHG emissions from fisheries need to evaluate the GHG emission level by species to prepare the adoption of environmental labels and declarations (ISO 14020). The purpose of this research is to investigate which degree of GHG emitted to produce the species (hairtail and small yellow croaker) from various fisheries. Here, we calculated the GHG emission to produce the species from the fisheries using the Life Cycle Assessment method. The system boundary and input parameters for each process level are defined for the LCA analysis. The fuel use coefficients of the fisheries for the species are also calculated according to the fuel type. The GHG emissions from sea activities by the fisheries will be dealt with. Furthermore, the GHG emissions for producing the unit weight species and annual production are calculated by fishery classification. The results will be helpful to understand the circumstances of GHG emissions from Korean fisheries.
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