Influence of Protein and Energy Level in Finishing Diets for Feedlot Hair Lambs: Growth Performance, Dietary Energetics and Carcass Characteristics
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Forty-eight PelibueyKatahdin male intact lambs (23.872.84 kg) were used in an 84-d feeding trial, with six pens per treatment in a 22 factorial design arrangement. The aim of the study was to evaluate the interaction of two dietary energy levels (3.05 and 2.83 Mcal/kg ME) and two dietary protein levels (17.5% and 14.5%) on growth performance, dietary energetics and carcass traits. The dietary treatments used were: i) High protein-high energy (HP-HE); ii) High protein-low energy (HP-LE); iii) Low protein-high energy (LP-HE), and iv) Low protein-low energy (LP-LE). With a high-energy level, dry matter intake (DMI) values were 6.1% lower in the low-protein diets, while with low-energy, the DMI values did not differ between the dietary protein levels. Energy levels did not influence the final weight and average daily gain (ADG), but resulted in lower DMI values and higher gain efficiencies. No effects of protein level were detected on growth performance. The observed dietary net energy (NE) ratio and observed DMI were closer than expected in all treatments and were not affected by the different treatments. There was an interaction (p<0.03) between energy and protein level for kidney-pelvic and heart fat (KPH), KPH was higher in lambs fed high energy and high protein diet but not in high energy and low protein diet. The KPH was increased (20.2%, p = 0.01) in high-energy diets, while fat thickness was increased (21.7%, p = 0.02) in high-protein diets. Therefore, it is concluded that dietary energy levels play a more important role in feed efficiency than protein levels in finishing lambs with a high-energy diet (>2.80 Mcal/kg ME). Providing a level of protein above 14.5% does not improves growth-performance, dietary energetics or carcass dressing percentage.
Abstract
Forty-eight PelibueyKatahdin male intact lambs (23.872.84 kg) were used in an 84-d feeding trial, with six pens per treatment in a 22 factorial design arrangement. The aim of the study was to evaluate the interaction of two dietary energy levels (3.05 and 2.83 Mcal/kg ME) and two dietary protein levels (17.5% and 14.5%) on growth performance, dietary energetics and carcass traits. The dietary treatments used were: i) High protein-high energy (HP-HE); ii) High protein-low energy (HP-LE); iii) Low protein-high energy (LP-HE), and iv) Low protein-low energy (LP-LE). With a high-energy level, dry matter intake (DMI) values were 6.1% lower in the low-protein diets, while with low-energy, the DMI values did not differ between the dietary protein levels. Energy levels did not influence the final weight and average daily gain (ADG), but resulted in lower DMI values and higher gain efficiencies. No effects of protein level were detected on growth performance. The observed dietary net energy (NE) ratio and observed DMI were closer than expected in all treatments and were not affected by the different treatments. There was an interaction (p<0.03) between energy and protein level for kidney-pelvic and heart fat (KPH), KPH was higher in lambs fed high energy and high protein diet but not in high energy and low protein diet. The KPH was increased (20.2%, p = 0.01) in high-energy diets, while fat thickness was increased (21.7%, p = 0.02) in high-protein diets. Therefore, it is concluded that dietary energy levels play a more important role in feed efficiency than protein levels in finishing lambs with a high-energy diet (>2.80 Mcal/kg ME). Providing a level of protein above 14.5% does not improves growth-performance, dietary energetics or carcass dressing percentage.
참고문헌 (30)
- Abdel-Baset, N. S., "Effect of dietary energy levels on the performance and nutrient digestibility of lambs", Vet. World, 2, pp.418~420 (2009)
- AOAC, "Official methods of analysis" (2000), Association of Official Analytical Chemists
- Baracos, V. E., "Whole animal and tissue proteolysis", pp.69~82 (2005), Elsevier Ltd
- Beauchemin, K. A, "Effects of crude protein content, protein degradability and energy concentration of the diet on growth and carcass characteristics of market lambs fed high concentrate diets", Can. J. Anim Sci, 75, pp.387~395 (1995)
- Cannas, A., "A mechanistic model for predicting the nutrient requirements and feed biological values for sheep", J. Anim. Sci, 82, pp.149~169 (2004)
- Canton, J. G., "Evaluation of growth and carcass characteristics of pure Pelibuey sheep and their cross with Dorper and Kathdin breeds", J. Anim Sci, 85(Suppl. 1), pp.581~ (2007)
- Colomer-Rocher, F., "Carcass composition of New Zealand Saanen goats slaughtered at different weights", Small Rumin. Res, 7, pp.161~173 (1992)
- Craddock, B. F., "Effects of protein and energy levels on lamb carcass composition", J. Anim. Sci, 39, pp.325~330 (1974)
- Ebrahimi, R., "Effect of energy and protein levels on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of Mehraban ram lambs", Pakistan J. Biol. Sci, 15, pp.1679~1684 (2007)
- Fluharty, F. L., "Effects of dietary energy intake and protein concentration on performance and visceral organ mass in lambs", J. Anim. Sci, 75, pp.604~610 (1997)
- Garcia, C. A., "Níveis de energia no desempenho e características da carcaça de cordeiros alimentados em creep feeding", R. Bras. Zootec, 32, pp.1371~1379 (2003)
- Hegarty, R. S., "Effects of available nutrition and sire breeding values for growth and muscling on the development of crossbred lambs. 1: Growth and carcass characteristics", Aust. J. Agric. Res, 57, pp.593~603 (2006)
- Javed, S. I., "Nutrient digestibility and feedlot performance of lambs fed diets variying protein and energy content", Trop. Anim. Health Prod, 42, pp.941~946 (2010)
- Jindal, S. K., "Influence of dietary energy on the body composition and feed conversion efficiency during growth in goats", Indian J. Nutr. Diet, 17, pp.95~98 (1980)
- Kaya. I., "Effect of different protein levels on fattening performance, digestibility and rumen parameters in finishing lambs", J. Anim. Vet. Adv, 8, pp.309~312 (2009)
- Kioumarzi, H., "The effect of dietary energy and protein level on performance, efficiency and carcass characteristics of Taleshi lambs", Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv, 3, pp.307~313 (2008)
- Lu, C. D., "Feed intake and weight gain of growing goats fed diets of various energy and protein levels", J. Anim. Sci, 68, pp.1751~1759 (1990)
- Milis, Ch, "Nutrient digestibility and energy value of sheep rations differing in protein level, main protein source and non-forage fibre source", J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr, 92, pp.44~52 (2008)
- Muwalla, M. M., "Effects of lasalocid and protein levels on the performance of Awassi lambs", Small Rumin. Res, 28, pp.15~22 (1998)
- NAMP, "The meat buyers guide" (1997), North American Meat Processor Association
- NRC, "Nutrient requirements for sheep" (1985), National Academy Press
- NRC, "Nutrient requirements of small ruminants. Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids" (2007), National Academies Press
- Partida, P. J. A., "Body composition in Pelibuey lambs in terms of feed energy concentration and slaughter weight", Rev. Vet. Mex, 41, pp.177~190 (2010)
- Partida, P. J. A., "Productive performance and carcass characteristics in Pelibuey sheep and crossbreds (Pelibuey*Suffolk – Dorset)", Rev. Mex. Cien.Pec, 47, pp.313~322 (2009)
- Rocha, M. H. M., "Performance of Santa Inés lambs fed diets of variable crude protein levels", Sci. Agric, 61, pp.141~145 (2004)
- Ruiz-Nuño, A., "The effect of protein level concentrations in the diet of fattening Dorper and Pelibuey lambs", J. Anim. Vet. Adv, 8, pp.1049~1051 (2009)
- SAS, "STAT: user’s guide: Version 9.1", SAS Institute, 2004
- Titgemeyer, E. C., "Amino acid utilization by growing and finishing ruminants", pp.329~346 (2003), CAB International
- USDA, "Official United States standards for grades of carcass lambs, yearling mutton and mutton carcasses" (1982), Agriculture Marketing Service
- Zinn, R. A., "Performance by feedlot steers and heifers: Daily gain, mature body weight, dry matter intake, and dietary energetics", J. Anim. Sci, 86, pp.2680~2689 (2008)