요로감염 소아에서 입원 초기 시행한 DMSA 신 스캔 결과에 따른 임상양상의 차이에 대한 연구: DMSA 신 스캔의 임상적 의미
Differences in the Clinical Characteristics of Children with Urinary Tract Infections Based on the Results of 99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid Renal Scanning
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목적: 본 연구는 요로감염 환아에게 시행하는 영상학적검사인 신장 초음파, DMSA 신 스캔, VCUG 중 비교적 시행하기 쉬운 DMSA 신 스캔이 방관요관역류나 신 반흔을 얼마나 예측할 수 있는지 그리고 신장 초음파와 비교했을 때얼마나 신뢰성을 갖는지도 알아보고자 한다. 방법: 2004년 1월부터 2012년 12월까지 병원에 입원하였던 요로감염 환아 495명 중 입원 1주일 이내에 신장 초음파와 DMSA 신 스캔을 시행한 환아 142명을 선별하여 후향적 연구를 통해 연구를 진행하였다. 환자의 성별, 나이, 요로감염의 원인 균주, 혈중 백혈구 수치와 중성구 비율, 혈장CRP, 발열기간, 입원기간, 신장 초음파 소견, DMSA 신 스캔소견, VCUG를 시행한 경우 VCUG 소견을 SPSS for window version 17.0를 통해 통계적 방법으로 분석하였다. 결과: DMSA 신 스캔 양성군과 음성군을 비교했을 때 나이, 입원당시 백혈구 수, 호중구 비율, CRP, 입원기간, 신장초음파와 VCUG에서 이상소견을 보인 경우가 양성군이 음성군보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 값을 보였다. 신장 초음파 양성군과 음성군의 비교에서는 나이, 호중구 비율, CRP,입원기간, DMSA 신 스캔과 VCUG에서 이상 소견을 보인경우가 양성군이 음성군보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 값을 보였다. 결론: DMSA 신 스캔에서 양성 소견이 신장 초음파와 비교하여 임상적으로 더 심한 요로감염을 시사하거나, 향후신 반흔 형성에 직접적으로 관련이 있다고 보기는 어려웠다. 그러나 신장 초음파와 DMSA 신 스캔을 같이 시행하였을 때, 방광요관역류를 예측하는 데 민감도 및 음성 예측도를 증가시킬 수 있었다.
Abstract
Purpose: The 99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan is used primarily for the diagnosis of renal scarring and acute pyelonephritis in children with urinary tract infections (UTI). This study aimed to evaluate clinical differences based on the positive or negative results of DMSA scans and kidney ultrasonography (US) in pediatric UTI. Method: We retrospectively reviewed 142 pediatric patients with UTI who were admitted to Myongji Hospital from January 2004 to December 2012. We performed a comparative analysis of clinical parameters such as age, sex, white blood cell (WBC)count, neutrophil count, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, creatinine (Cr) level, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and durations of hospitalization and fever, grouped by the results of the DMSA scans and kidney US. Results: The mean age of the patients was 33.8±48.3 months, and 78 (55%) were male. Fifty-two patients had abnormal DMSA findings, and 71 patients had abormal kidney US findings (test positive groups). In the DMSA scan positive group, there were significant differences in age, WBC counts, neutrophil counts, CRP level, BUN level, Cr level,hospitalization duration, number of abnormal findings on kidney US, and incidence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) compared with the scan negative group. The kidney US positive group had significant differences in age, neutrophil count, CRP level, BUN level,Cr level, hospitalization duration, number of abnormal findings on the DMSA scans,and more frequent VUR compared with the US negative group. Conclusion: Our data suggest that there were no major differences in clinical parameters based on the results of the DMSA scans compared with kidney US in pediatric UTI. However, as kidney US and DMSA scan were performed to predict VUR, the sensitivity and negative predictive value was increased.
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