본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

온라인 쇼핑몰의 의인화 전략 -사회적 실재감을 중심으로-

Personification of On-line Shopping Mall -Focusing on the Social Presence-

0

조회

0

다운로드

22

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

기업과 소비자간 전자 상거래 시장이 급속히 성장하고 있으나 많은 전문가들은 아직도 그 잠재력을 충분히 발휘하지 못하고 있다고 주장한다. 이에 대한 이유로 온라인 쇼핑환경이 지니는 인간적·사회적 요소의 부재를 들고 있다. 온라인 쇼핑은 전통적인 면대면 상거래에 비해 보다 비인적이며 익명성이 강해 인간적인 온정과 사회성이 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 전통적 상거래에 비해 온라인 쇼핑이 가지는 태생적 한계인 면대면사회적 상호작용을 대신할 수 있는 개념으로 사회적 실재감을 도입하여 사회적 실재감의 선·후행변수간의 관계를 규명하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 연구주제와 관련 있는 마케팅, 심리학, 커뮤니케이션 연구분야의 연구결과들을 고찰하였으며, 이를 기반으로 하여 연구모형을 제시하였다. 제시된 연구모형을 검증하기 위하여 자기 보고식 설문지를 사용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 본 설문의 응답자들은 최소 5회 이상 인터넷 구매를 경험한 소비자들로 구성하였는데, 이는 사회적 실재감에 대한 지각은 인터넷 쇼핑몰과의 잦은 접촉이 있어야만생길 수 있는 지각으로 판단하였기 때문이다. 실증분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저 쇼핑몰의 맞춤화 노력은 지각된 사회적 실재감에유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 쇼핑몰의 반응성 역시 지각된 사회적 실재감에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 쇼핑몰은 고객의 요구에 다양한방법으로 신속하고 성실하게 반응함으로써 사회적 실재감을 높일 수 있다. 셋째, 지각된게시판 활동성은 사회적 실재감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 쇼핑몰 운영자는 자사 게시판을 적극적으로 활성화하여 소비자의 사회적 실재감을 높일 수 있을 것이다. 마지막으로 지각된 사회적 실재감은 쇼핑몰 신뢰와 즐거움에 영향을 미치고 쇼핑몰 신뢰와 즐거움은 쇼핑몰 충성도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는기존 온라인 쇼핑에 관한 연구의 중심이 되고 있는 쇼핑몰 충성도와 신뢰 형성에 사회적 실재감이 중요한 영향요인임을 의미하는 것으로 쇼핑몰 신뢰와 충성도를 위한 새로운 전략적 시사점을 제공하고 있다고 볼 수 있다.

Abstract

While e-commerce market(B2C) grows rapidly, many experts argue that EC(B2C) transactions have not reached its full potential. A notable difference between online and offline consumer markets that is suppressing the growth of EC(B2C) is the decreased presence of human and social elements in the online shopping environments. Generally online shopping lacks human warmth and sociability. In this study, social presence in online shopping mall was proposed as a substitute for face-to-face social interaction in the traditional commerce and author explored what variables affect social presence(human warmth and sociability) on online shopping malls and how human warmth and sociability can influence on online store loyalty. To achieve research objectives, we reviewed literatures related with marketing, psychology and communication research areas. Based on literature review, we proposed a research model on the online shopping mall. To examine the proposed research model, we gathered data by using a self-report questionnaire. Respondents consists of online shoppers with at least five or more times of purchase experience in online shopping malls. Because social presence is a feeling which needs frequent contacts with malls to experience, respondents must have enough purchase experiences. The empirical results are as follows : First, shopping mall's customization efforts influence perceived social presence on the mall significantly. Second,shopping mall's responsiveness influences perceived social presence significantly. Third, perceived activity of community of online shopping mall influences perceived social presence significantly. Mall managers have to activate their customer community to reinforce social presence, resulting in trust building. Finally, perceived social presence influences trust and enjoyment on the mall significantly. And then trust and enjoyment on the mall affect store loyalty significantly. From these findings it can be inferred that perceived social presence appears determinant which is critical to the formation of core variables(trust and loyalty) in existing online shopping papers.

참고문헌 (67)

  1. 김유경, "국내 오픈마켓 브랜드개성과 고객만족, 애호도와의 관계에서 한·중 소비자간 비교에 관한 연구", 경영과 정보연구, 30(3), pp.27~56 (2011), 대한경영정보학회
  2. 김재휘, "사이버 공간에서 사회적 실재감의 지각과 공격행동", 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 10(3), pp.83~101 (2004), 한국문화및사회문제심리학회
  3. 박기순, "컴퓨터 통신과 인간커뮤니케이션: 가상공간에서의 인간커뮤니케이션", 한국커뮤니케이션학, 5, pp.380~418 (1997)
  4. 송창석, "인터넷상의 상호작용성 제고방안에 관한 연구", 마케팅연구, 14(3), pp.69~95 (1999)
  5. 정철호, "오픈마켓의 정보만족도가 고객 신뢰와 미래행동 의도에 미치는 영향", 경영과 정보연구, 29(4), pp.67~88 (2010), 대한경영정보학회
  6. Argo, J. J., "The Influence of aMere Social Presence in a Retail Context", Journal of ConsumerResearch, 32(2), pp.207~212 (2005)
  7. Argyle, M., "Eye Contact, Distance and Affiliation", Sociometry, 28(3), pp.289~304 (1965)
  8. Babin, B. J., "Work and", or Fun : Measuring Hedonic and Utilitarian Shopping Value, 1994, pp.20, 644~656
  9. Barlow, A. K. J., "Development inInformational and Communication Technologies for Retail MarketingChannels", International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 32(3), pp.157~163 (2004)
  10. Biocca, F., "Cyborg's Dilemma : Embodiment in VirtualEnvironments", Journal of Computer-Mediated Communications, 3(2) (1997)
  11. Bitner, M. J., "Servicescapes : The Impact of Physical Surroundingson Customers and Employees", Journal of Marketing, 56(2), pp.57~71 (1992)
  12. Bordia, P., "Face-to-Face Versus Computer-Mediated Communication : A Synthesis of the Experimental Literature", The Journalof Business Communication, 34(1), pp.99~120 (1997)
  13. Burke, R. R., "Technology and the Customer Interface : WhatConsumers Want in the Physical and Virtual Store", Journal of theAcademy of Marketing Science, 30(4), pp.411~432 (2002)
  14. Carver, C.S, "Perspective on Personality" (1992), Allynand Bacon
  15. Cyr, Dianne, "The Role of Social Presence in Establishing Loyalty in e-ServiceEnvironments", Interacting with Computers, 19, pp.43~56 (2007)
  16. Daft, R. L., "Research in Organizational Behavior", pp.191~233 (1984), JAI Press
  17. Davis, D., "Determinants of Responsiveness in Dyadic Interaction, In Personality, Roles and SocialBehavior" (1982), Springer-Verlag
  18. Doney, P.M, "An Examination of the Nature ofTrust in Buyer-Seller Relationships", Journal of Marketing, 62, pp.35~51 (1997)
  19. Eroglu, S. A., "Empirical Testingof a Model of Online Store Atmospherics and Shopper Responses", Psychology & Marketing, 20(2), pp.139~150 (2003)
  20. Fulk, J., "A Social InformationProcessing Model of Media Use in Organizations", Communications of theACM, 38(7), pp.70~79 (1987)
  21. Fukuyama, F., "Trust : The Social Virtues and the Creation ofProsperity" (1995), The Free Press
  22. Gefen, D., "Gender Differences in Perceptionand Adoption of E-mail : And Extension to the Technology AcceptanceModel", MIS Quarterly, 21(4), pp.389~400 (1997)
  23. Gefen, D., "Managing User Trust in B2Ce-Services", e-Service Journal, 2(2), pp.7~24 (2003)
  24. Gerbing, D. W, "An Updated Paradigm forScale Development Incorporating Unidimensionality and Its Assessment", Journal of Marketing Research, 25, pp.186~192 (1998)
  25. Gorham, J., "The Relationship Between Verbal Teacher ImmediacyBehaviors, Student Learning", Communication Education, 37(1), pp.40~53 (1988)
  26. Gunawardena, C. N., "Social Presence Theory and Implications forInteraction and Collaborative Learning in Computer Conference", International Journal of Educational Telecommunication, 1(2), pp.147~166 (1995)
  27. Manipulating Social Presencethrough the Web Interface and Its Impact on Consumer Attitude towardsOnline Shopping, "Hassanein, K", McMaster University, ~ (2004)
  28. Hassanein, Khaled, "The Impact of InfusingSocial Presence in the Web Interface : An Investigation Across ProductTypes", International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 10(2), pp.31~55 (2006)
  29. Hassanien, Khaled, "Manipulating Perceived SocialPresence through the Web Interface and Its Impact on Attitude towardsOnline Shopping", International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 65, pp.689~708 (2007)
  30. Haubl, G, "Consumer Decision Making in OnlineShopping Environments : The Effects of Interactive Decision Aids", Marketing Science, 19(1), pp.4~21 (2000)
  31. Holster, R. E., "Assessing theImpact of Internet Agent on End Users' Performance", Decision Support Systems, 41, pp.313~323 (2005)
  32. Jones, M. A., "Entertaining Shopping Experiences : An exploratoryInvestigation", Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 6, pp.129~139 (1999)
  33. Kelly D.H., "Effects of Immediacy on Recall ofInformation", Communication Education, 37(3), pp.198~207 (1988)
  34. Koernig, S. K., "E-Scapes : The Electronic Physical Environmentand Service Tangibility", Psychology & Marketing, 20(2), pp.151~167 (2003)
  35. Kotler, P, "Atmospherics as a Marketing Tool", Journal of Retailing, 49(4), pp.48~64 (1974)
  36. Kumar, Nanda, "Para-Social Presence andCommunication Capabilties of a Web Site", e-Service Journal, 1(3), pp.5~20 (2002)
  37. Latane, Bibb, "The Psychology of Social Impact", American Psychologist, 36(4), pp.343~356 (1981)
  38. Lombard, M., "At the Heart of It All : The Conceptof Presence", Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 3(2) (1997)
  39. Luhmann, N., "Trust and Power" (1979), Wiley
  40. McBride, N.K, "Threads of Conversation : The Lifea Public E-mail Conference", Paper Presented at the 5th the EuropeanConference on Information Systems (1997)
  41. McGrath, M.A., "Unacquainted Influencers : WhenStrangers Interact in the Retail Setting", Journal of Business Research, 9(32), pp.261~272 (1995)
  42. Miranda, S. M., "The Social Construction ofMeaning : An Alternative Perspective on Information Sharing", InformationSystems Research, 14(1), pp.87~106 (2003)
  43. 박지선, "Consumer Perception of Social Presence in E-tail Websites", 한국의류학회지, 34(6), pp.997~1007 (2010), 한국의류학회
  44. Papadopoulou, P., "Building Customer Trust within e-Commerce Environments : The Role ofAgents and Virtual Reality", Internet Research: Electronic NetworkingApplications and Policy, 11(4), pp.322~332 (2001)
  45. Ratnasingham, Pauline, "The Importance of Trust in Electroniccommerce", Electronic Networking Applications and Policy, 8(4), pp.313~321 (1998)
  46. Rice, R. E, "Electronic Message Systems in theUniversity : A Description of Use and Utility", Journal of Communications, 33(1), pp.131~152 (1983)
  47. Rice, R. E., "Media Appropriateness : Using Social Presence Theoryto Compare Traditional and New Organization Media", Human Communication Research, 19(4), pp.451~484 (1993)
  48. Rice, R., "Usage and Outcomes ofElectronic Messaging at an R and D Organization : SituationalConstraints, Job Level, and Media Awareness", Office, Technology andPeople, 5(2), pp.141~161 (1989)
  49. Ridings, C. M., "Some Antecedents andEffects of Trust in Virtual Communities", Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 11, pp.271~295 (2002)
  50. Rifkind, L. J., "Immediacy as a Predictor of Teacher Effectiveness inthe Instructional Television", Journal of Interactive Television, 1(1), pp.31~38 (1992)
  51. Roy, M. C., "The Impact of InterfaceUsability on Trust in Web Retailers", Internet Research: ElectronicNetworking Applications and Policy, 11(5), pp.388~329 (2001)
  52. Sherblom, J., "Direction, Function, and Signature in ElectronicMail", Journal of Business Communication, 25(4), pp.38~53 (1988)
  53. Short, J., "The Social Psychology of Telecommunications" (1976), Wiley
  54. Song, Ji Hee, "TheValue of Human Warmth : Social Presence Cues and Computer-MediatedCommunications", Advances in Consumer Research, 35, pp.793~794 (2008)
  55. Spears, R., "Social Influence and the Influence of the‘Social' in Computer-Mediated Communication, In Contextsof Computer-Mediated Communication", pp.30~65 (1992), Harvester Wheatsheaf
  56. Sproull, L., "When theInterface is a Face", Human-Computer Interaction, 11, pp.97~124 (1996)
  57. Steckel, J. H., "Choice in Interactive Environments", MarketingLetters, 16(3), pp.309~320 (2005)
  58. Straub, D. W, "Knowledge WorkerCommunications and Recipient Availability: Toward a Task ClosureExplanation of Media Choice", Organization Science, 9(2), pp.160~175 (1998)
  59. Tauber, E., "Why Do People Shop?", Journal of Marketing, 36, pp.46~59 (1972)
  60. Tsao, H, "A Two-Level Approach to Establishing aMarketing Strategy in the Electronic Marketplace", In Proceedings of the34th Hawii International Conference on System Sciences (2001)
  61. Tu, C.H, "An Examination of Social Presence toIncrease Interaction in Online Classes", American Journal of Distance Education, 16(3), pp.131~150 (2002)
  62. van der Heijden, H., "PredictingOnline Purchase Behavior : Replications and Tests of Competing Models", 34th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (2001)
  63. Wang, Y.D., "An Overview of Online Trust : Concepts, Elements, and Implications", Computers in Human Behavior, 21, pp.105~125 (2005)
  64. Westbrook, R, "A Motivation-Based ShopperTypology", Journal of Retailing, 61(1), pp.78~103 (1985)
  65. Yoo, Y., "Media and Group Cohesion : RelativeInfluences on Social Presence, Task Participation, and Group Consensus", MIS Quarterly, 25(3), pp.371~390 (2001)
  66. Yoon, S., "The Antecedents and Consequences of Trust inOnline-Purchase Desicions", Journal of Interactive Marketing, 16(2), pp.47~63 (2002)
  67. Zeithaml, V. A. ., "The BehavioralConsequences of Service Quality", Journal of Marketing, 60, pp.31~46 (1996)

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (10건)