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중국 중학생이 지각한 부모 및 교사의 자율성지지, 기본심리욕구, 사회정서역량 간의 관계 연구

The Relationship among Parents' and Teachers' Autonomy Support, Basic Psychological Needs, and Social and Emotional Competence of Chinese Middle School Students

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본 연구의 목적은 자기결정성이론에 기반하여 부모 및 교사의 자율성 지지가 기본심리욕구를 매개로 중국 청소년의사회정서역량에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는 데 있다. 이를 위해 중국 산동성 쯔보시 중학교 3학년 434명의 데이터를사용하여 부모 및 교사의 자율성 지지와 중학생의 사회정서역량 간의 관계에서 중학생의 기본심리욕구의 매개효과를확인하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모의 자율성 지지가 교사의 자율성 지지보다 중학생의 기본심리욕구및 사회정서역량에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 중학생의 기본심리욕구가 충족될수록 중학생의사회정서역량 수준이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 중학생이 지각한 부모 및 교사의 자율성 지지가 많을수록중학생의 사회정서역량 수준이 높아졌다. 특히 중학생이 지각한 부모의 자율성 지지는 교사의 자율성 지지보다 중학생의사회정서역량에 더 직접적인 영향을 주었다. 넷째, 부모와 교사의 자율성 지지는 중학생의 기본심리욕구를 충족시켜사회정서역량에 긍정적 영향을 미쳤다. 이때 역시 부모의 자율성 지지는 교사의 자율성 지지보다 중학생의 기본심리욕구를 더 충족시키고 사회정서역량에 보다 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과는 중학생의 사회・정서적 역량을 개발하기 위해 교사뿐만 아니라 부모의 역할이 필수적이고, 특히 중국에서부모의 사회정서학습에 대한 인식 개선과 부모 교육 확대의 필요를 시사한다.

Abstract

Purpose of this study was intended to examine the effect of parent and teacher's autonomy support on adolescent's social and emotional competencies, focusing on the mediating effect of basic psychological needs based on self-determination theory. Data of 434 students in Zibo city in Shandong Province were used in the analysis of a structural equation modeling. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the more basic psychological needs of middle school students they were met, the higher level of social and emotional competencies of middle school students have. Second, the more parents and teachers' autonomy supported middle school students perceived, the higher level of social and emotional competencies of middle school students they had. In particular, parental autonomy support perceived by students had a more direct impact on the social and emotional competencies. Lastly, parents' autonomy support stimulated middle school students' basic psychological needs more than teachers' autonomy support, and has a greater influence on social and emotional competencies of middle school students. In conclusion, in order to develop the social and emotional competencies of middle school students, the role of parents as well as teachers is essential, suggesting the need to raise awareness of parent education in China and to expand and implement parent education at national level.

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