남자 체조선수에 있어 기능적 발목 불안정성이 발목의 특성 및 하지의 기능수행에 미치는 영향
The effects of functional ankle instability on ankle characteristics and functional performance of lower extremity in male gymnasts
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이정필. 남자 체조선수에 있어 기능적 발목 불안정성이 발목 특성 및 하지의 기능에 미치는 영향. 운동과학, 제15권 제2호. 147-154, 2006. 남자 체조선수에 있어 체조 훈련과 기능적 발목 불안정성 (FAI)이 발목의 근력, 하퇴유연성, 평형성 및 하지기능에 미치는 영향으로 조사하기 위해 FAI를 보고한 9명의 체조선수와 연령, 신장, 체중, 비만도를 고려한 9명의 일반 대학생을 대상으로 실험을 하였다. 발목의 저측 및 배측굴근력과 내반 및 외반 근력의 측정을 위해 Biodex III를 이용하였으며, 체중당 최대 torque (Nm/kg)를 분석에 이용하였다. 평형성 측정을 위해 Rumberg test (sec)를, 하퇴유연성 (degree) 측정을 위해 inclinometer를 이용하였다. 하지의 기능 평가를 위해 Balance index test 및 shuttle run test (sec)와 hop test (cm)를 실시하였다. 남자 체조선수에 있어 장기간의 체조 운동 참가가 일반 대학생에 비해 발목의 배측 굴근력 (FAS; 0.52±0.30, NG; 0.24±0.11)과 내반 근력 (FAS; 0.41±0.04, NG; 0.31±0.08)의 증가를 야기했으며, 평형성 (FAS; 44.06±19.49, NG; 16.76±7.53) 및 하지의 기능 중 hop test (FAS; 6.13±0.49, NG; 5.14±0.78) 능력을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 발목의 기능적 불안정성은 발목의 저측 (FAI; 0.79±0.07, FAS; 1.25±0.56) 및 배측 굴근력 (FAI; 0.25±0.08)과 내반 근력 (FAI; 0.32±0.04)의 약화 및 평형 능력 (FAI; 11.59±6.88)의 감소를 초래하는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 하지의 기능은 발목의 불안정성에 의해 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 발목의 기능적 불안정성은 발목의 성격을 개별적으로 변화하는 데 영향을 미치기는 하지만, 아직 밝혀지지 않은 기전에 의해 이러한 부정적 변화가 보정되는 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
Lee, J.P. The effects of functional ankle instability on ankle characteristics and functional performance of lower extremity in male gymnasts. Exercise Science, 15(2): 147-154, 2006. To determine the effects of gymnastics training and FAI (functional ankle instability) on strengths, calf relaxation, balance and functional performance of lower extremity in male gymnasts, 9 male gymnasts with FAI and 9 male college students were participated in this study. Subjects of each group were matched by age, height, weight, and body fat. Isokinetic muscle strengths of plantar flexor, dorsi flexor, eversor, and inversor were measured by Biodex III. Peak torque relative to body weight (Nm/kg) were used to analysis. Rumberg test (sec) were conducted to measure balance and inclinometer used to measure calf relaxation (degree). Balance index tests, shuttle run tests (sec), and hop tests (cm) were completed to elucidate functional performance of lower extremities. Strengths of dorsi flexor (FAS; 0.52±0.30, NG; 0.24±0.11) and inversor (FAS; 0.41±0.04, NG; 0.31±0.08), an ability of balance (FAS; 44.06±19.49, NG; 16.76±7.53) and hopping (FAS; 6.13±0.49, NG; 5.14±0.78) were significantly improved in FAS (ankle without FIA in male gymnasts) compared to NG (normal group). Strengths of dorsi flexor (FAI; 0.25±0.08), plantar flexor (FAI; 0.79±0.07, FAS; 1.25±0.56) and inversor (FAI; 0.32±0.04), and an ability of balance (FAI; 11.59±6.88) were significantly decreased in FAI (ankle with FIA in male gymnasts) compared to FAS. However, there were no significant differences between FIA and FAS in all functional test. Therefore, FAI does not affect lower extremity functional performance. In conclusion, ankle characteristics can be altered by FAI, but other unknown mechanism compensate negative changes.
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