본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

일회 수영운동이 건강한 성인의 혈압과 동맥경직도에 미치는 영향

Effects of acute swimming exercise on blood pressure and arterial stiffness in young subjects.

2

조회

0

다운로드

4

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

초록

수영은 대표적인 유산소 운동으로써 혈압 및 체중관리를 위해 권장되고 있다. 수영운동은 지상운동과 다른 혈액동역학적 반응을 나타내지만, 아직 수영운동의 혈관 기능 개선에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구는 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 건강한 성인을 대상으로 일회 수영 운동과 걷기 운동 후 혈압과 동맥경직도의 변화를 비교해 보고자 하였다. 건강한 성인 남녀 26명(평균나이: 21±2세, 체질량지수: 22±2 kg/m2)을 수영운동 그룹(n=14)과 걷기 운동 그룹(n=12)에 무선 배정하였다. 수영운동은 예비심박수 60∼70% 강도로 남자 1,500 m, 여자 1,200 m를 수행하였으며, 걷기운동은 수영운동과 동일강도로 30분간 실시하였다. 동맥경직도 지표로서 경동맥-대퇴동맥 맥파전파속도, 대동맥 파형증폭지수를 측정하였으며, 모든 종속변인들은 각각의 운동전, 운동 후 20분, 운동 후 40분에 측정하였다. 걷기 운동 후 수축기 혈압과 이완기 혈압은 감소하였지만(p<.05), 수영운동 후에는 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 심박수 75박에서의 대동맥 파형증폭지수의 경우 수영운동 후 20분에 유의하게 증가하였으나(-8.5±11.3 to -3.7±10.7%, p<.05), 걷기 운동 후에는 통계적으로 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다(-7.17±11.19 to –5.54±10.29%, p>.05). 경동맥-대퇴동맥 맥파전파속도의 경우 운동 후 20분에 수영운동 그룹애서는 증가하고, 걷기 운동 그룹에서는 감소하였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 걷기 운동에 비해 일회 수영운동은 혈압과 동맥경직도를 덜 감소시켰으며, 수영운동이 동맥경직도에 미치는 영향을 명확히 밝히기 위해서는 추후 장기간의 트레이닝 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

Swimming is one of the aerobic exercise, most recommended forms for blood pressure and body weight control. Although the hemodynamic response to swimming may be expected to be different from the response to land-based exercise there is little information on the effects of swimming exercise on arterial stiffness. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of swimming and walking as a control exercise on arterial stiffness in young subjects. Twenty-six healthy subjects (age 21±2 yrs and body mass index 22±2 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to either an acute bout of swimming exercise (n=14, 1,500 m for male and 1,200 m for female at 60∼70% of heart rate reserve) or walking exercise (n=12, 30-minute at same intensity with swimming). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and aortic augmentation index as indices of aortic stiffness were measured using applanation tonometry. All variables were measured at baseline, 20 and 40 minutes after each exercise. Walking exercise significantly decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p<.05), but there was no significant changes following the swimming exercise. Aortic augmentation index was significantly increased following the swimming exercise 20 minutes post exercise (-8.5±11.3 to -3.7±10.7%, p<.05), but did not significantly changes following the walking exercise. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was increased after swimming exercise (6.75±0.89 to 6.98±0.66 m/s) and decreased after walking exercise (6.28±0.61 to 6.12±0.57 m/s) at 20 minutes post exercise, but changes were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that relative to moderate intensity walking, acute swimming less decreases blood pressure and arterial stiffness. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of long term swimming exercise on arterial stiffness.

참고문헌 (38)

  1. 김수봉, "규칙적인 수영운동이 중년여성의 심폐기능, 혈중지질 및 기초체력에 미치는 영향", 한국체육학회지, 40(3), pp.585~594 (2001)
  2. 국민생활체육활동 참여 실태 조사, "문화체육관광부", ~ (2010)
  3. 최상배, "수영훈련이 고혈압 및 비만 환자의 심혈관 질환 위험 요소에 미치는 영향", 한국체육학회지, 41(3), pp.367~376 (2002), 한국체육학회
  4. Armentano, R. L., "Assessment of elastin and collagen contribution to aortic elasticity in conscious dogs", Am. J. Physiol, (6 Pt 2), pp.H1870~H1877 (1991)
  5. Astrand, P. O., "Intraarterial blood pressure during exercise with different muscle groups", J. Appl. Physiol, 20, pp.253~256 (1965)
  6. Becker, B. E., "Aquatic rehabilitation, In Rehabilitation medicine: principles and practice. 3rd ed", pp.887~901 (1998), Lippincott-Raven
  7. Bevegard, B. S., "Regulation of the circulation during exercise in man", Physiological Reviews, 47, pp.178~213 (1967)
  8. Chase, N. L., "Swimming and all-cause mortality risk compared with running, walking, and sedentary habits in men", Int. J. Aquatic. Res. Educ, 2, pp.213~223 (2008)
  9. Cleroux, J., "Lifestyle modifications to prevent and control hypertension: 4. Recommendations on physical exercise training. Canadian Hypertension Society, Canadian Coalition for High Blood Pressure Prevention and Control, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control at Health Canada, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada", CMAJ, 160(9 Suppl), pp.S21~S28 (1999)
  10. Cox, K. L., "Exercise and blood pressure : applying finding from the laboratory to the community setting. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology", Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 33, pp.868~871 (2006)
  11. Cox, K. L., "Blood pressure rise with swimming versus walking in older women: the Sedentary Women Exercise Adherence Trial 2 (SWEAT 2)", J. Hypertens, 24(2), pp.307~314 (2006)
  12. Duncan, J. J., "The effects of aerobic exercise on plasma catecholamines and blood pressure in patients with mild essential hypertension", JAMA, 254(18), pp.2609~2613 (1985)
  13. Eller, N. H., "Total power and high frequency components of heart rate variability and risk factors for atherosclerosis", Auton. Neurosci, 131, pp.123~130 (2007)
  14. Hamilton, W. F., "Physiologic relationships between intrathoracic, intraspinal and arterial pressures", J. Am. Med. Assoc, 107, pp.853~856 (1936)
  15. Haskell, W. L., "Physical Activity and Public Health: Updated Recommendation for adults from the american college of sports medicine and the american heart association", Circulation, 116(9), pp.1081~1093 (2007)
  16. Hayashi, K., "Effects of aerobic exercise training on stiffness of central and peripheral arteries in middle-aged sedentary men", Jpn. J. Physiol, 55(4), pp.235~239 (2005)
  17. Heffernan, K. S., "Arterial stiffness following repeated Valsalva maneuvers and resistance exercise in young men", Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab, 32(2), pp.257~264 (2007)
  18. Holmer, I., "Maximum oxygen uptake during swimming and running by elite swimmers", J. Appl. Physiol, 36(6), pp.711~714 (1974)
  19. Itoh, M., "Increased heart rate and blood pressure response, and occurrence of arrhythmias in elderly swimmers", J. Sports. Med. Phys. Fitness, 34(2), pp.169~178 (1994)
  20. Jennings, G. L., "Exercise and blood pressure: Walk, run or swim?", J. Hypertens, 15(6), pp.567~569 (1997)
  21. Jost, J., "Sympathoadrenergic regulation and the adrenoceptor system", J. Appl. Physiol., 68(3), pp.897~904 (1990)
  22. Kingwell, B. A., "Effects of walking and other exercise programs upon blood pressure in normal subjects", Med. J. Aust, 158(4), pp.234~238 (1993)
  23. Kingwell, B. A., "Large artery stiffness: structural and genetic aspects", Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology, 28, pp.1040~1043 (2001)
  24. Kinney, E. L., "Cardiac size and motion during water immersion: implications for volume homeostasis", Am. Heart. J, 113(2 Pt 1), pp.345~349 (1987)
  25. Levy, C. M., "Cross training: risk or benefit? An evaluation of injuries in four athlete populations", Sports Med. Clin. Forum, 3(1), pp.1~8 (1986)
  26. Mustata, S., "Impact of an exercise program on arterial stiffness and insulin resistance in hemodialysis patients", J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 15(10), pp.2713~2718 (2004)
  27. Nualnim, N., "Comparison of central artery elasticity in swimmers, runners, and the sedentary", Am. J. Cardiol, 107(5), pp.783~787 (2011)
  28. Okamoto, T., "Home-based resistance training improves arterial stiffness in healthy premebopausal women", Eur. J. Apple. Physiol, 107, pp.113~117 (2009)
  29. Pescatello, L. S., "American College of Sports Medicine position stand: exercise and hypertension", Med. Sci. Sports. Exerc, 36(3), pp.533~553 (2004)
  30. Seals, D. R., "Habitual exercise and arterial aging", J. Appl. Physiol., 105(4), pp.1323~1332 (2008)
  31. Tanaka, H., "Swimming exercise: impact of aquatic exercise on cardiovascular health", Sports Med, 39, pp.377~387 (2009)
  32. Tanaka, H., "Swimming training lowers the resting blood pressure in individuals with hypertension", J. Hypertens, 15(6), pp.651~657 (1997)
  33. Tanaka, H., "Postexercise hypotension and blood lipoprotein changes following swimming exercise, In Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming. XI", pp.381383~ (2010), Norwegian School of Sport Science
  34. Tanasescu, M., "Exercise type and intensity in relation to coronary heart disease in men", JAMA, 288, pp.1994~2000 (2002)
  35. Urata, H., "Antihypertensive and volume-depleting effects of mild exercise on essential hypertension", Hypertension, 9(3), pp.245~252 (1987)
  36. Van Bortel, L. M., "Clinical applications of arterial stiffness, task force III: recommendations for user procedures", Am. J. Hypertens, 15, pp.445~452 (2002)
  37. Vlachopoulos, C., "Prediction of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality with arterial stiffness: a systematic review and meta- analysis", Review. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol, 55(13), pp.1318~1327 (2010)
  38. Zinman, B., "Physical activity", exercise and diabetes mellitus, 2003, pp.26(Suppl. 1), S73~S77

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (15건)