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일시적 근력 운동 후 동맥경직도 증가와 자율신경계 변화의 관련성

Associated between in increased arterial stiffness following acute resistance exercise and changes in autonomic function.

윤은선|안의수
한국운동생리학회|2010.08|운동과학 (Exercise Science)|제19권 제3호|pp. 267-276|DOI 10.15857/ksep.2010.19.3.267

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참고문헌

키워드

근력운동자율신경계resistance exercise동맥경직도arterial stiffnessautonomic function

초록

일시적 또는 지속적인 근력운동은 동맥경직도를 증가시키는 것으로 알려져 있지만, 아직 그 정확한 기전에 대해서는 밝혀지지 않았다. 자율신경계 기능 저하는 동맥경직도 증가와 관련 있으며, 근력운동 직후에는 자율신경계 기능이 일시적으로 감소된다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 일시적인 근력 운동 후 동맥경직도와 자율신경계의 변화를 살펴보고 두 지표간의 상관성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 평균 연령 21세의 남성 14명으로 하였다. 연구 설계는 한 피험자가 근력운동과 통제 처치를 두 번 모두 받는 교차설계로 하였다. 근력운동은 최대근력의 60%강도에서 8종목의 전신운동을 15회 반복, 2세트 실시하였으며, 통제 처치는 운동과 동일 시간 동안 누운 자세에서 휴식을 취하였다. 심박수, 혈압 및 동맥경직도 지표로서 경동맥-대퇴동맥 맥파전파속도와 대동맥 증폭지수를 측정하였으며, 자율신경계 기능 검사로서 심박수 변이도를 측정하였다. 모든 변인은 처치 전과 처치 후 20분에 측정하였다. 실험 결과 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 근력 운동 후 20분에 안정시 심박수, 대동맥 수축기 혈압, 경동맥-대퇴동맥 맥파전파속도 그리고 심박수 75박에서의 대동맥 증폭지수가 유의하게 증가하였으며, 부교감신경계 활성도의 지표인 RMSSD, NN50, pNN50은 유의하게 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다(p<.05). 근력운동 후, 동맥경직도와 자율신경계 변화와의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 경동맥-대퇴동맥 맥파전파속도 변화값과 RMSSD 변화값이 유의한 음의 상관을 보였다(r=-0.39, p<.05). 결론적으로 본 연구 결과는 일시적 근력운동 후 증가된 동맥경직도는 자율신경계 변화, 즉 부교감신경계 활성도 감소와 관련이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

Although acute and chronic resistance exercise is associated with increases in arterial stiffness, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. Autonomic nervous system function is associated with arterial stiffness. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that acute resistance exercise would increase arterial stiffness and this increased arterial stiffness would be related to changes in autonomic nervous system function. Using a randomized cross over design, 14 healthy young subjects(age 21±2 yrs, BMI 23.4±1.9 kg/m2) completed a resistance exercise session and a sham control session(rest in the exercise room) on two separate days. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity(PWV) and aortic augmentation index(AIx) were used as indices of arterial stiffness. Heart rate variability was used to assess autonomic function. Vascular and autonomic measures were made at baseline and 20 minutes after resistance exercise(8 exercises, 60% of 1 repetition maximal). There were significant increases in resting heart rate(59.2±2.6 to 80.4±3.1bpm), aortic systolic blood pressure(96.6±2.4 to 102.4±2.1mmHg), carotid-femoral PWV(6.07±0.3 to 6.36±0.2m/s), and AIx@75bpm(-15.3±3.4 to -0.07±3.3%)(all p<.05) after resistance exercise compared with sham control. The root-mean square of successive differences(RMSSD), number of RR intervals differing by greater than 50 ms(NN50), and percentage of NN50(pNN50) as an indices of parasympathetic modulation were significantly decreased after resistance exercise(p<.05). Also, change in carotid-femoral PWV after resistance exercise was associated with changes in RMSSD (r=-0.39, p<.05) after resistance exercise. These data indicate that arterial stiffness is increased following acute resistance exercise and changes in arterial stiffness are associated with changes in heart rate variability. This would suggest that increases in arterial stiffness following resistance exercise are associated with changes in autonomic tone.

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