Team Sports and Executive Functions: A Comparative Observational Pilot Study
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PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the executive functional ability among participants regularly practicing and participating in four different types of team sports-Cricket, Volleyball, Kho-Kho, Kabaddi and the active control group. METHODS: Total 125 university youth aged between 19-25 years were considered as samples for this pilot study. 25 subjects from each four different sport disciplines i.e., Cricket, Volleyball, Kho-Kho and Kabaddi, were selected to meet the purpose of the study .25 active healthy male subjects were served as control group. Moreover, subjects considered under control group did not participate any such organized sports activities in regular basis but they were all recreationally active and healthy individuals. Executive Functions (EFs) of all the sampled subjects were assessed through Tower of London (TOL) test and Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) respectively. Mean, SD, One way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) Post Hoc test were used for data analysis and interpretation. RESULTS: Significant differences among groups were found in both tests through the One-way ANOVA thus Post Hoc Tukey HSD test was conducted which gave pair wise comparisons between and within groups. Pair wise comparison of TOL test clearly indicates significantly higher EFs in Kabaddi players in compared to Volleyball (p<.01), Kho-Kho (p<.05), and the control group (p<.001) while there was no significant difference between Kabaddi and Cricket group exists. Cricket group demonstrated higher EFs in comparison to the control group (p<.05). On the other hand pairwise comparison results of SCWT test clearly indicates significantly higher EFs in volleyball(p<.001) and Kho-Kho (p<.05) players in comparison to the control group. CONCLUSION: This study clearly signifies that people involved in regular physical and team sports activities have higher EFs compared to the non-trainer active control individuals.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the executive functional ability among participants regularly practicing and participating in four different types of team sports-Cricket, Volleyball, Kho-Kho, Kabaddi and the active control group. METHODS: Total 125 university youth aged between 19-25 years were considered as samples for this pilot study. 25 subjects from each four different sport disciplines i.e., Cricket, Volleyball, Kho-Kho and Kabaddi, were selected to meet the purpose of the study .25 active healthy male subjects were served as control group. Moreover, subjects considered under control group did not participate any such organized sports activities in regular basis but they were all recreationally active and healthy individuals. Executive Functions (EFs) of all the sampled subjects were assessed through Tower of London (TOL) test and Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT) respectively. Mean, SD, One way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) Post Hoc test were used for data analysis and interpretation. RESULTS: Significant differences among groups were found in both tests through the One-way ANOVA thus Post Hoc Tukey HSD test was conducted which gave pair wise comparisons between and within groups. Pair wise comparison of TOL test clearly indicates significantly higher EFs in Kabaddi players in compared to Volleyball (p<.01), Kho-Kho (p<.05), and the control group (p<.001) while there was no significant difference between Kabaddi and Cricket group exists. Cricket group demonstrated higher EFs in comparison to the control group (p<.05). On the other hand pairwise comparison results of SCWT test clearly indicates significantly higher EFs in volleyball(p<.001) and Kho-Kho (p<.05) players in comparison to the control group. CONCLUSION: This study clearly signifies that people involved in regular physical and team sports activities have higher EFs compared to the non-trainer active control individuals.
참고문헌 (34)
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