유아의 계획 및 난이도 예측의 발달: fNIRS 연구
Development of Planning and Prediction of Difficulty in Young Children: An fNIRS Study
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This study examined the activation of the anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) in young childrenduring block-building planning and explored whether activation levels and difficulty predictions varied by age. A total of 124 children, aged 3 to 6 years, participated in one-on-one interviews with a researcher. During the sessions, children’s aPFC activation was measured using the fNIRS method. Following the planning tasks, they were asked to predictthe difficulty of the block-building tasks. The results showed that 5-6-year-olds exhibitedsignificantly higher activation in the left aPFC during planning for an easy block-building taskcompared to 3-4-year-olds. Additionally, after planning, the older children predicted the easytask to be less difficult than the younger children and were more accurate in distinguishingbetween the difficulty levels of easy and hard tasks. These findings suggest that olderchildren, who exhibit greater left-aPFC activation during planning, are better at predictingthe difficulty of the tasks they plan than younger children.
Abstract
This study examined the activation of the anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) in young childrenduring block-building planning and explored whether activation levels and difficulty predictions varied by age. A total of 124 children, aged 3 to 6 years, participated in one-on-one interviews with a researcher. During the sessions, children’s aPFC activation was measured using the fNIRS method. Following the planning tasks, they were asked to predictthe difficulty of the block-building tasks. The results showed that 5-6-year-olds exhibitedsignificantly higher activation in the left aPFC during planning for an easy block-building taskcompared to 3-4-year-olds. Additionally, after planning, the older children predicted the easytask to be less difficult than the younger children and were more accurate in distinguishingbetween the difficulty levels of easy and hard tasks. These findings suggest that olderchildren, who exhibit greater left-aPFC activation during planning, are better at predictingthe difficulty of the tasks they plan than younger children.