기록보존소 자료를 통해 본 소비에트 시기 최초의 한인 해군장교 (최 파벨 페트로비치)의 죽음과 스탈린 탄압의 비극

Abstract

This study is a succession of the preceding study related to Choi Pavel Petrovich(Seon-Hak Choi), the first Korean Naval Officer in the Soviet Union. The ultimate aim of this study is to reconstruct and reconsider the record of performances of Choi Pavel which, in the early 20th century, passed through the following phases : "Partisan struggle-Stalin's terror-Purge" and especially the circumstances surrounding his death. Furthermore, this study was conducted to collaterally look into a cross section of cruelty and illegality of Stalin government's typical repressive measure to minorities which was revealed among the reality of oppression to a Korean intellectual named Choi Pavel. For these purposes, on the basis of the data from the Russian State Naval Archive related to Choi Pavel, the present writer viewed his record of performances and historical facts and circumstances associated with his death not only from microscopic perspective but also in a broad one that starts from the top. Choi Pavel, the first Korean naval officer in the Soviet Union, was the second son of Jae-Hyung Choi(Choi Petr Semenovich) who was godfather of anti-Japanese movement in the Far East. Having had the experience taking part in the anti-Japanese partisan struggle, he was commissioned a naval officer to thread among the sea as a crew member of the fleet. In the process, Choi Pavel furthered his career demonstrating his excellency and capability as an officer. However, he was also one of those who failed to avoid the insanity of Stalin's oppression of minorities which was brought about since early 1930s. The authorities of the Soviet Union always viewed Choi Pavel in two different ways. In 1935, the authorities arrested and interrogated him after expelling him from the Communist Party. Naval authorities questioned Choi Pavel’s personality and gift as an officer in addition to the class his father, Jae-Hyung Choi, belonged to in the past. Arrests and interrogations were repeated, and finally in 1938, he was shot in Kzyl-Orda. Choi Pavel's death bears witness to a cross section of cruelty and illegality of Stalin government's typical repressive measure to minorities. From the mid-1950s, bereaved families entered upon retrials to restore the honors of the victims of Stalin's oppression and their reinstatements. "The Decision of the Russian Supreme Council on Rehabilitations of Goryeoins in Russia" was approved in April, 1993, and it brought a huge change to lives of Goryeoins residing in Russia. Choi Pavel's honor was also restored thanks to his surviving brothers. This study can be said to have the largest significance and investigative value in the fact that existing unused primary historical materials are introduced and circumstances of Choi Pavel's performances and death are observed and revealed from a new perspective through the materials.