사회안전망 인식의 강화가 기업가정신을 어떻게 형성시키는가? : 실패 두려움 관계에서의 근거
How Strengthening Social Safety Net Awareness Shapes Entrepreneurship? : Evidence from the Relationship with Fear of Failure
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기업가정신은 경제 성장과 혁신의 주요 동력으로 인식되고 있으며, 이를 증진시키는 요인을 이해하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 기업가정신에 영향을 미치는 심리적 장벽 중 하나인 실패에 대한 두려움과 이러한 두려움을 완화할 수 있는 잠재적 메커니즘으로서 사회안전망 인식의 역할을 탐구한다. 연구는 총 282명의 성인을 대상으로 수행된 설문조사를 바탕으로, 다음과 같은 분석 절차를 통해 진행되었다. 첫째, 대상자의 인구사회학적 특성을 확인하기 위해 빈도분석을 실시하였다. 둘째, 탐색적 요인분석을 통해 척도의 타당도를 검증하고, 문항의 내적 일관성을 검증하기 위해 문항내적합치도 계수를 산출하였다. 셋째, 실패 두려움, 사회 안전망 인식, 기업가정신의 일반적 경향성과 정규성 여부를 확인하기 위해 기술통계분석을 실시하고, Pearson 적률상관분석을 실시하여 상관관계를 확인하였다. 넷째, 사회 안전망 인식의 조절효과를 검증하기 위해 Macro Model 1번을 적용하였고, 추가적으로 조절효과를 도식화하여 양상을 확인하였다. 모든 통계분석은 SPSS 27.0과 Macro 4.1 프로그램을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 실패에 대한 두려움이 높을수록 기업가정신이 저하되는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 사회안전망에 대한 인식이 높은 창업가들의 경우 실패에 대한 두려움이 기업가정신에 미치는 부정적 영향이 유의미하게 감소하는 것으로 확인되었다. 연구결과는 정책 결정자들에게 실패를 관리하고, 창업을 장려하기 위한 보다 효과적인 사회안전망 정책을 수립할 수 있는 근거를 제공한다.
Abstract
Entrepreneurship is recognized as a major driver of economic growth and innovation, and it is very important to understand the factors that promote it. This study explores the fear of failure, one of the psychological barriers that affect entrepreneurship, and the role of social safety net recognition as a potential mechanism to alleviate these fears. The study was conducted through the following analysis procedure based on a survey of a total of 282 adults. First, frequency analysis was conducted to confirm the demographic and sociological characteristics of the subject. Second, the validity of the scale was verified through exploratory factor analysis, and the fit coefficient within the item was calculated to verify the internal consistency of the item. Third, descriptive statistical analysis was conducted to confirm the general tendency and normality of failure fear, social safety net recognition, and entrepreneurship, and Pearson product-moment correlation analysis was performed to confirm the correlation. Fourth, Macro Model 1 was applied to verify the moderating effect of social safety net recognition, and the moderating effect was additionally schematized to confirm the pattern. All statistical analyses used SPSS 27.0 and Macro 4.1 programs. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the higher the fear of failure, the lower the entrepreneurship. In particular, it was confirmed that the negative impact of fear of failure on entrepreneurship was significantly reduced in the case of entrepreneurs with high awareness of the social safety net. The research results provide policy makers with a basis for establishing more effective social safety net policies to manage failures and encourage start-ups.
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