북극지역의 지정학적, 지경학적, 지문화적 역동성에 관한 연구
A Study on Dynamics of Geopolitics, Geoeconomics and Geoculture in Arctic Area
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북극의 중요성이 증가하면서 북극권 국가뿐만 아니라 비북극권 국가들도 북극과의 이해관계를 증대하면서 북극 이슈는 글로벌화 하고 있다. 2013년 스웨덴 키루나 회의에서 한, 중, 일, 인도, 싱가포르, 이탈리아가 영구옵서버 가입 확정 이후 북극이사회는 지역 포럼에서 글로벌 국제기구로 발전하고 있다. 이 글에서는 북극권의 이해관계를 가진 국가들의 북극 이슈의 현황과 과제를 담고 있다. 북극 공간의 역동적 변화는 북극권국가뿐만 아니라 글로벌 차원에서 많은 지정학적, 지경학적, 지문화적 공간의 역동성을 유발시키고 있다. 이 세 공간은 서로 독립적 관계가 아니라 상호 밀접하게 연계되면서 역동적으로 변모될 것으로 예견된다. 이러한 맥락에서 이 글의 제2장에서는 북극의 지정, 지경, 지문화적 공간의 역동성을 분석한다. 제3장 에서는 북극공간의 역동성의 평가와 우리에게 주는 시사점, 특히 북극공간의 연구 필요성을 강조하고자 한다. 북극 전문 인력의 양성과 연구축적을 위해 극지연구소, 해양수산연구원 등의 국책연구소의 확대, 대학 및 민간 연구소의 역량 강화를 통해 공학 및 자연과학, 지구과학 등의 이공계 전문가의 육성은 물론 인문사회과학(지리, 역사, 국제법, 심리, 정치, 경제, 경영, 보험, 금융, 물류, 교통, 지역학 등)의 연계작업, 즉 통섭적, 학제간, 융복합적 연구도 병행되어져야 한다.
Abstract
An importance of the Arctic emerges, not only Arctic states but also Non-Arctic states increase their influence on the Arctic, and hence, the Arctic issues becomes global. The Arctic Council was transformed to a global international organization from a regional forum as East Asian countries (China, India, Japan, Singapore and South Korea) and Italia became permanent observer states at 2013 meeting in Kiruna, Sweden. In this study, we present current conditions and plans in all state’s movement toward the Arctic. Then, we analyze and integrate them geopolitically, geoeconomically, and geoculturally to provide a new academic approach and comprehensive knowledge to the current status of the Arctic. This will provide foundation for a new innovative policy by showing uncertainty in developing the Arctic and by describing conflict of interest. Ultimately, this research will be the basis for comprehending potential and availability of the Arctic as a future driving force for development of South Korea. In conclusion, it is necessary to promote the academic fields of humanities and social sciences, which has been relatively lacking until now, such as geography, history, international law, psychology, politics and area studies. In addition, let alone the upbringing of the engineering/technology, natural science, earth science, these fields should be also linked to humanities and social sciences by interdisciplinary fusion/convergence researches.
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