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노인의 독거 여부가 우울에 미치는 영향: 유형별 차별경험의 매개효과

The Impact of Living Alone among the Older Adults on Depression: The Mediating Effect of Multiple Forms of Experiences of Discrimination

조영일|송인하
사회과학연구소 (Institute of Social Sciences SOGANG UNIVERSITY)|2024.08|지역과 세계 (Locality and Globality: International Journal of Social Sciences)|제48권 제3호|pp. 5-28|DOI 10.33071/ssricb.48.3.202408.5

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참고문헌

키워드

우울Depression독거노인차별경험Experience of DiscriminationOlder Adults Living Alone
주제분류기타사회과학

초록

본 연구에서는 독거노인의 우울에 대한 영향 요인 중 차별경험이 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 특히, 차별경험 을 유형별로 분류하여 각각의 차별 형태가 노인의 우울에 미치는 영향을 검증함으로써 독거노인의 우울을 감소시키기 위한 방안을 제안하였다. 연구를 위해 「2020년도 노인실태조사」의 3,137명 독거노인을 자료로 활용하였으며, 독거노인과 우울의 관계에서 매개변수의 역할을 수행하는 차별경험을 ‘공공장소 차별’, ‘직장 내 차별’, ‘가족 내 차별’로 분류하고 매개모형을 검증하였다. 첫째, 독거 여부는 우울에 유의한 정적 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, ‘공공장소 차별’과 ‘가족 내 차별’은 독거 여부와 우울의 관계를 유의하게 매개하였으며, ‘공공 장소 차별’의 매개효과가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, ‘직장 내 차별’은 독거 여부와 우울의 관계를 매개 하지 못하였다. 이를 바탕으로 독거노인에 대한 차별과 우울을 예방하기 위해 공공장소 접근성 향상을 위한 노인 친화적 공공장소 확대, 사회 관계망 확장을 위한 독거노인 전용 커뮤니티 지원 등에 대해 제언하였다.

Abstract

This study examined the impact of experiences of discrimination on depression among older adults living alone. We aimed to propose measures to reduce depression among older adults living alone by categorizing experiences of discrimination and verifying their impact on depression. Using data from the “2020 National Survey of the Elderly,” which included 3,137 older adults living alone, we classified experiences of discrimination as “Discrimination in public places,” “Workplace discrimination,” and “Discrimination within the family.” We validated mediating models for the relationship between older adults living alone and depression. The results showed that living alone had a significant direct effect on depression. “Discrimination in public places” and “Discrimination within the family” were significant mediators, with “Discrimination in public places” exhibiting the largest effect. However, “Workplace discrimination” did not mediate the relationship between living alone and depression. These findings suggest that promoting elder-friendly public spaces and supporting exclusive communities for older adults could mitigate discrimination and depression.

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