미세먼지 저감을 위한 신환경산업기술 발달에 따른 환경법제의 입법기준과 개선방안

Abstract

As the years went by, the Korean Peninsula was covered with air pollutants such as fine dust. Thus, the number of days available for seeing the clear sky has decreased strikingly. Especially, because the West Sea region is even more severe in its degree, the people's demand for a measure to reduce fine dust is growing. The reason why the people complain with paying close attention to fine dust is because of the danger of fine dust. In particular, there is even a research result as saying that the risk of fine dust affects not only physical health but also mental health, leading to a rise in depression and suicide rate. As such information is shared among the public, the government is being urged to come up with countermeasures. Accordingly, the government continued to establish and execute various policies domestically and internationally, but is failing to make a fundamental solution. This study analyzes major causes and components of fine dust in the Korean Peninsula zone in order to seek a solution to curtail fine dust that people can feel. Also, the aim is to consider the present status and problems about the current legislation pertinent to the fine dust regulation to cut fine dust and about the legislation relevant to supporting and promoting new environmental industrial technology based on the necessity of propping up and fostering new environmental industrial technology to diminish fine dust. Particularly, in terms of the current legislation pertinent to the fine dust regulation, the legislative standards and the improvement plans for each law are tried to be sought by eliciting the problems based on the legislative system and the problems about each individual law focusing on 「Air Quality Conservation Act」, 「Special Act on Air Quality Improvement in Atmospheric Management Area」, 「Special Act on Fine Dust Reduction and Management」. In this process, the relevant legal systems of the European Union, Japan, and China are reviewed at the same time. Moreover, reducing fine dust is difficult to achieve its substantial effect unless it is linked to the development in environmental industrial technology. It recognizes the need to support and promote this environmental industrial technology, examines the problems about 「Environmental Technology and Environmental Industry Support Act」, which is the related legislation to develop new environmental industrial technology aiming to reduce fine dust, and tries to find legislative standards and its improvement measures for the Act on Support and Promotion. Furthermore, the legislation of various policy means are also aimed to be stressed such as tax benefits for industries to foster new environmental industrial technologies in order to decrease fine dust.