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치과용 유니트 수계의 미생물 오염 및 효과적인 관리 방법

The Microbial Contamination and Effective Control Method of Dental Unit Water System

이시영|윤혜영
한국치위생과학회 (The Korean Society of Dental Hygiene Science)|2015.08|치위생과학회지 (Journal of Dental Hygiene Science)|제15권 제4호|pp. 383-392

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키워드

DisinfectionBiofilmsWater qualityDental infection controlWater microbiology
주제분류치의학

초록

치과치료를 위해 다양한 용도로 DCU에서 배출되는 물이사용된다. 이 DCU 물의 질에 관한 계속되는 논란으로 인한환자들의 불안감을 줄이고 양질의 치과 치료를 제공하기 위해서는 DCU 물이 음용수만큼 깨끗하게 유지되어야 한다. 따라서 본 논문은 DCU 물의 세균 오염 수준과 오염된 DCU 물의 임상적 위험성에 대하여 설명하고, 세균 오염을 방지하기 위한 여러 가지 관리 방법들을 검토하였다. 여러 국가에서 DCU 물을 대상으로 오염도를 확인하는 연구가 많이진행되어 DCU 물이 높은 수준으로 오염되어있다는 것이입증되었다. 오염된 DCU 물로 인해 감염된 일부 사례도 보고되었고 이는 DCU 물이 감염의 잠재적인 원인일 수 있음을 보여주었다. DCU 물로 인한 잠재적 감염의 위험성을 줄이기 위해서는 효율적인 소독방법을 사용하고 자체적인 모니터링 또한 시행되어야 한다. 하지만 제안되고 있는 여러가지 수관관리 소독방법으로 인해 치과종사자들의 혼란이 야기되고 있으며, 효율적인 소독방법을 보편화하기 위해서는 관련 연구가 더 진행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 치과치료를 받는 환자들을 안심시킬 수 있는 좋은 치과서비스를제공하기 위해서는 정책적인 개선과 국내 치과 상황에 맞는수관 관리 지침이 빠른 시일 내에 시행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

Abstract

Dental chair unit (DCU) is the most essential equipment for the dental treatment in dentistry. DCU output water is used for various applications during dental treatment. DCU output water must be clean at the same level as drinking water since patients and dental staff are regularly exposed to water and aerosols generated from the DCU. Many studies demonstrated that DCU output water is frequently contaminated with microorganisms including opportunistic pathogen such as Legionella and Pseudomonas species. Thus, DCU output water may be a potential source of infection. In order to reduce microbial contamination levels in DCU output water, periodic management and continuous disinfection are necessary. Currently, there are a variety of disinfection methods for managing DCU output water and its efficacy is also diverse. We reviewed the level of microbial contamination, clinical implications of contaminated DCU output water and the various DCU disinfection methods.

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