한국인 건강검진자에서 연령 특이적 A형간염바이러스 항체 혈청 양성률대한간학회지 제 13 권 제 1 호 2007 ; 27-33
The Age-Specific Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A Virus Antibody in Korea
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목적: A형간염의 역학은 사회경제 및 보건 위생 상태와 연관이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 우리나라에서는 최근 A형간염의 발생이 점차 증가하고 있지만 99년 이후 anti-HAV (IgG) 양성률에 대한 조사가 이루어진 바가 없다. 이에 저자 등은 20세 이상 성인에서 anti-HAV (IgG) 양성률을 조사하고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2006년 7월부터 8월까지 2개월간 삼성서울병원 건강의학센터를 방문한 20세에서 69세까지의 총 250명 건강검진자를 대상으로 anti-HAV (IgG) 양성률에 대한 횡단면 연구(cross-sectional study)를 시행하였다. 결과: 각 연령층별 anti-HAV (IgG) 양성률은 20대가 2%, 30대 72%, 40대 92%, 50대 94%, 60대 100%로 연령이 증가할수록 증가하였다(p<0.001). 40세를 기준으로 하여 40세 이상군에서 40세 미만군에 비해 유의하게 항체 양성률이 높았다(95.3% vs. 37.0%, p<0.001). 40세 미만의 연령군에서는 서울이 지방에 비해 항체 양성률이 낮았다(26.5% vs. 55.5%, p<0.01). 또한, 서울의 경우 40세 미만인 경우에서 강남 지역 3개 구(강남구, 송파구, 서초구)가 그 외 지역과 비교해 anti-HAV (IgG) 양성률이 유의하게 낮았다(20.0% vs. 42.1%, p<0.001). 결론: 본 연구의 결과, 우리나라 20-30대의 젊은 성인에서 A형간염바이러스 항체 양성률이 과거에 비해 대폭 감소하여 A형간염바이러스에 대한 면역이 형성되지 않아 국민 건강 문제가 될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 향후 이러한 혈청 역학 변화에 기초하여 40세 미만 연령층에서 A형간염 예방 접종 정책 수립이 필요하리라 생각된다.
Abstract
Backgrounds/Aims: The epidemiology of hepatitis A is associated with socioeconomic and hygiene status. Recently, the prevalence of hepatitis A in young adults has been steadily increasing in Korea. This study is to investigate the age-specific seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus in Korea. Methods: Stored sera from 250 healthy adult subjects who visited the health promotion center in Samsung Medical Center between July and August 2006 were tested for IgG hepatitis A virus antibody (anti-HAV). Results: The prevalence of anti-HAV was 2%, 72%, 92%, 94%, 100% in 20’s, 30’s, 40’s, 50’s, and 60’s, respectively. The prevalence of anti-HAV was significantly lower in subjects below age 40 compared to those above 40 (37.0% vs. 95.3%, p<0.001). The seroprevalence was higher in area outside of Seoul compared to those living in Seoul in age group below 40 (25.6% vs. 55.6%, p=0.01). In Seoul area, the prevalence was significantly lower in Kangnam-Gu, Seocho-Gu, and Songpa-Gu district compared to the other areas of Seoul in the age group below 40 (20.0% vs. 42.1%, p<0.05). Conclusion: The seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus antibody in Korean population below 40 is quite low and immunity to hepatitis A virus in those subjects can be a public health issue. In view of changing seroepidemiology, a policy for hepatitis A vaccination in population below 40 might be warranted.
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