응급실에 내원한 COVID-19 의심환자와 일반환자의 간호의존도 비교 연구
A Comparative Study on the Nursing Dependency of Suspected COVID-19 Patients and General Patients in the Emergency Department
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목적: 본 연구는 응급실의 효과적인 간호 인력 배치를 위해 간호의존도에 근거하여 간호의 요구량과 간호사의 업무 부담을 예측하고자 시도되었다. 방법: 2020년 6월에 응급실에 내원한 성인 환자 256명을 COVID-19 의심환자와 일반환자로 분류하였다. 대상자의 전자의무기록 자료는 SPSS 프로그램을 이용하여 기술 통계, t-test, χ2-test, Fisher’s exact test로 분석하였다. 결과: 대상자의 간호의존도 점수는 COVID-19 의심환자군 평균 13.99±1.85점, 일반환자군 평균 10.58±2.10점으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(t=12.42, p<.001). 간호의존도의 6가지 영역 중 의사소통(t=3.28, p=.001), 기동성(t=3.29, p=.001), 영양·배설·개인간호(t=7.34, p<.001) 영역에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 환경적 안전·건강 및 사회요구 영역에서 간호의존도 점수는 모든 COVID-19 의심환자가 3점, 모든 일반환자가 1점으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구를 통해 격리가 필요한 응급환자의 감염관리 활동이 환자의 간호의존도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다.
Abstract
Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the nursing needs and workload of nurses according to nursing dependency for effective placement of nursing staff in the emergency department (ED). Methods: In June 2020, 256 adult patients who visited the ED were classified as two groups, suspected COVID-19 patients and general patients. The participants’electronic medical records were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, x2-test, and Fisher's exact test using the SPSS. Results: The patient dependence score showed a significant difference between the two groups, with an average of 13.99±1.85 for the suspected COVID-19 patient group and 10.58±2.10 for the general patient group (t=12.42, p<.001). There were statistically significant differences in communication (t=3.28, p=.001), mobility (t=3.29, p=.001), nutrition, elimination, and personal care (t=7.34, p<.001) among the six domains of nursing dependency. In the domains of environment, safety, health, and social needs, the dependency score was 3 for all suspected COVID-19 patients and 1 for all general patients. Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that infection control activities of emergency patients who need isolation affect the patients’ nursing dependency on nursing care.
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