신체활동량과 직업군을 포함한 대상자의 특성이 가면효과의 발현에 미치는 영향
Relationship between Clinical Factors Including Physical Activity and Job Category and Masked Effect Defined by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
초록
Background:Masked hypertension is well known for its poor cardiovascular outcome. But clinical clues related to the masked hypertension and/or masked effect (ME) are rarely known. Physical activity and/or job stress are related to increased daytime blood pressure (BP). This study is to identify whether ME is caused by physical activity and/or job category. Methods: Physical activity using Actical and masked effect by clinic BP and ambulatory BP monitoring were applied to 167 person for this study. Results: Age of the subjects was 54.9 ± 9.6 and 74 subjects were female (57.4%). Field worker was 81 (48.5%) and office worker was 86 (51.5%). Clinic BP was 125.8 ± 14.3 mmHg / 79.8 ± 10.9 mmHg in male and 119.0 ± 14.0 mmHg / 74.2 ± 8.9 mmHg in female (p = 0.03). Daily energy expenditure representing physical activity was 1,831.1 ± 420.4 kcal. ME for systolic BP was 11.0 ± 11.1 mmHg and ME for diastolic BP was 3.9 ± 8.0 mmHg. In multiple linear regression adjusted by smoking and antihypertensive medication showed that clinic systolic BP was the only significant factor related to the ME (β = -0.44755, p <0.0001 in male, β = -0.396, p < 0.0001 in female). Physical activity or job category was not related to ME. Conclusions: Neither physical activity nor job category is related to ME. This indicates that diagnosis of the masked hypertension is not affected by physical activity or job status.
Abstract
Background:Masked hypertension is well known for its poor cardiovascular outcome. But clinical clues related to the masked hypertension and/or masked effect (ME) are rarely known. Physical activity and/or job stress are related to increased daytime blood pressure (BP). This study is to identify whether ME is caused by physical activity and/or job category. Methods: Physical activity using Actical and masked effect by clinic BP and ambulatory BP monitoring were applied to 167 person for this study. Results: Age of the subjects was 54.9 ± 9.6 and 74 subjects were female (57.4%). Field worker was 81 (48.5%) and office worker was 86 (51.5%). Clinic BP was 125.8 ± 14.3 mmHg / 79.8 ± 10.9 mmHg in male and 119.0 ± 14.0 mmHg / 74.2 ± 8.9 mmHg in female (p = 0.03). Daily energy expenditure representing physical activity was 1,831.1 ± 420.4 kcal. ME for systolic BP was 11.0 ± 11.1 mmHg and ME for diastolic BP was 3.9 ± 8.0 mmHg. In multiple linear regression adjusted by smoking and antihypertensive medication showed that clinic systolic BP was the only significant factor related to the ME (β = -0.44755, p <0.0001 in male, β = -0.396, p < 0.0001 in female). Physical activity or job category was not related to ME. Conclusions: Neither physical activity nor job category is related to ME. This indicates that diagnosis of the masked hypertension is not affected by physical activity or job status.
참고문헌 (27)
- Bobrie G, "Masked hypertension: a systematic review", Journal of Hypertension, 26, pp.1715~1725 (2008)
- Clays E, "High job strain and ambulatory blood pressure in middle-aged men and women from the Belgian job stress study", Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 49, pp.360~367 (2007)
- Fokkema DS, "Social stress induced pressure breathing and consequent blood pressure oscillation", Life Science, 38, pp.569~575 (1986)
- Lindquist TL, "Influence of lifestyle, coping, and job stress on blood pressure in men and women", Hypertension, 29, pp.1~7 (1997)
- Kim YM, "The influence of white coat effect on the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome", Journal of the Korean Society of Hypertension, 15, pp.32~40 (2009)
- Fauvel JP, "Neither perceived job stress nor individual cardiovascular reactivity predict high blood pressure", Hypertension, 42, pp.1112~1116 (2003)
- Fauvel JP, "Perceived job stress but not individual cardiovascular reactivity to stress is related to higher blood pressure at work", Hypertension, 38, pp.71~75 (2001)
- Fornari C, "Biological consequences of stress: conflicting findings on the association between job strain and blood pressure", Ergonomics, 50, pp.1717~1726 (2007)
- Kawakami N, "Perceived job-stress and blood pressure increase among Japanese blue collar workers: one-year follow-up study", Industrial Health, 27, pp.71~81 (1989)
- Crouter SE, "Validity of the Actical for estimating free-living physical activity", European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111, pp.1381~1389 (2011)
- Esliger DW, "Validity of the Actical accelerometer step-count function", Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39, pp.1200~1204 (2007)
- Charbonnier S, "Toward a portable blood pressure recorder device equipped with an accelerometer", Medical Engineering & Physics, 21, pp.343~352 (1999)
- Rothney MP, "Validity of physical activity intensity predictions by ActiGraph, Actical, and RT3 accelerometers", Obesity (Silver Spring), 16, pp.1946~1952 (2008)
- Korean Society of Hypertension, "Guideline for blood pressure monitoring" (2007), Korean Society of Hypertension
- Sallis JF, "Physical activity assessment methodology in the Five-City Project", American Journal of Epidemiology, 121, pp.91~106 (1985)
- Lamonte MJ, "Quantifying energy expenditure and physical activity in the context of dose response", Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 33, pp.S370~378 (2001)
- Palatini P, "Validation of the A&D TM-2430 device for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and evaluation of performance according to subjects' characteristics", Blood Pressure Monitoring, 3, pp.255~260 (1998)
- Verdecchia P, "Variability between current definitions of 'normal' ambulatory blood pressure. Implications in the assessment of white coat hypertension", Hypertension, 20, pp.555~562 (1992)
- O'Brien E, "European Society of Hypertension recommendations for conventional, ambulatory and home blood pressure measurement", Journal of Hypertension, 21, pp.821~848 (2003)
- Hwang ES, "Blood pressure response to exercise in patients with masked hypertension", Journal of the Korean Society of Hypertension, 15, pp.45~53 (2009)
- Leary AC, "Physical activity level is an independent predictor of the diurnal variation in blood pressure", Journal of Hypertension, 18, pp.405~410 (2000)
- O'Shea JC, "Nocturnal blood pressure dipping: a consequence of diurnal physical activity blipping", American Journal of Hypertension, 13, pp.601~606 (2000)
- Kario K, "Ambulatory physical activity as a determinant of diurnal blood pressure variation", Hypertension, 34, pp.685~691 (1999)
- Puyau MR, "Validation and calibration of physical activity monitors in children", Obesity Research, 10, pp.150~157 (2002)
- Puyau MR, "Prediction of activity energy expenditure using accelerometers in children", Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36, pp.1625~1631 (2004)
- Welk GJ, "Reliability of accelerometry-based activity monitors: a generalizability study", Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36, pp.1637~1645 (2004)
- Crouter SE, "Estimating energy expenditure using accelerometers", European Journal of Applied Physiology, 98, pp.601~612 (2006)