상업공간의 재생 유형별 실내구성과 디자인 요소에 대한 연구 - 대형 카페 중심으로 -
A Study on Interior Composition and Design Elements by Type of Regeneration of Commercial Spaces - focused on large size cafes -
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초록
최근 상업시설은 과거 단일 아이템의 전문점 개념에서 확장하여 대형화되고 있다. 이러한 현상은 다양한 공간구성과 차별화된 콘텐츠를 실내공간에 보여줌으로써 고객이 한번 들어오면, 오랜 시간 동안 자유롭게 머물면서 지속적으로 소비하도록 실내공간이 디자인되고 있기 때문이다. 카페 공간 역시 지속적으로 대형화되고 있는 추세인데, 치열하게 경쟁하고 있는 수많은 커피 브랜드는 차별화 된 공간을 찾기 위해 많은 노력을 하고 있다. 그중 하나로 과거 공장이나 창고 등으로 사용되었던 대형 폐건물을 이용한 재생공간의 대형카페들이 주목받고 있는데, 재생 공간의 장점은 충분한 면적 확보가 가능하고, 경제적 이익, 자원 재활용에 따른 환경 친화적 접근 그리고 폐건물이 지니고 있는 고유 요소와 특색을 실내디자인 요소로 활용 가능하기 때문이다. 본 연구의 대상은 서울 지역에 1970년대 이전 건축된 공장, 창고 등의 공간을 이용한 카페로서 ① 용도변경 후 재활용한 유형, ② 대수선 이상의 변경을 통한 재해석한 유형으로 나누어 재생유형, 실내 구조적 요소, 실내 장식적 요소를 분석하여, 재생상업시설의 건축물 유형에 따른 차별화에 대해 살펴보았다. 재활용형 유형은 과거 사용되던 건축형태와 공간의 디자인 요소를 최대한 그대로 노출시켜 공간의 역사적 의미를 바로 알 수 있게 하였다. 그리고 그 시대에 맞는 다양한 이벤트나 문화 콘텐츠를 결합하는 형태로 차별화하였다. 재해석형 유형은 과거의 건축형태는 유지하되, 필요공간을 변경 및 추가하고, 대부분 새로운 소재를 사용하면서 과거의 디자인 요소는 최소화하여 상징적 의미로 사용하였다. 향후 계속될 것으로 예상되는 도시의 노후화에 따라 기존 건물 재생에 대한 수요는 지속적으로 증가할 것으로 생각되며, 이에 따라 재생상업공간은 마케팅이나 예술, 문화적 측면과 더불어 실내구성과 디자인 측면에서 의미 있는 연구가 지속되어야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Recently, commercial facilities are becoming larger, expanding from the single-item specialty store concept of the past. This phenomenon is because indoor spaces are designed so that once customers enter, they can stay freely for a long time and continue to consume by showing various spatial configurations and differentiated contents in indoor spaces. As spaces of cafes are also continuously becoming larger, many coffee brands that are competing fiercely are making great efforts to find differentiated spaces. Recently, large abandoned buildings that were used as factories or warehouses in the past come into the spotlight. As regenerate those spaces, sufficient area can be provided economically and the structures of the building can be used. Furthermore, the unique elements and characteristics of abandoned buildings can be used as design elements. The target of this study is cafes using spaces such as factories and warehouses built before the 1970s in the Seoul area. The examples of regenerated buildings were divided into two types, ① a type recycled after change of use and ② a type reinterpreted through major repairs or more. The two types of the examples were analyzed with interior structural elements and interior ornament elements. The recycled type exposes the architectural forms and design elements of the space used in the past as much as possible, allowing the historical meaning of the space to be recognized by the users. The reinterpretation type maintains the architectural form of the past, changes and adds the necessary space, uses mostly new materials, and minimizes past design elements and uses them for a symbolic meaning. As the city deteriorates, the demand for regeneration of existing buildings is expected to increase continuously. Accordingly, regenerated commercial spaces require meaningful research in terms of interior composition and design as well as marketing, art, and cultural aspects.
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