수술 전 자가통증조절기 교육 프로그램 적용이 노인 척추 수술 환자의 통증 조절에 미치는 효과
The Effect of a Preoperative Patient-Controlled Analgesia Education Program on Postoperative Pain Control in Older Patients with Spine Surgery
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목적: 본 연구는 수술 전 자가 통증 조절기 교육 프로그램 적용이 노인 척추 수술 환자의 통증 조절에 미치는 효과를 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 방법: 수술 전 환자들에게 제공된 자가 통증 조절기 교육 프로그램이 수술 후 통증, 통증 지식 및 태도, 그리고 추가 진통제 사용 빈도에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 비동등성 통제 집단 전후 비교의 유사실험 연구가 시행되었다. 실험군 및 대조군의 표본크기는 각각 55명이었다. 결과: 자가 통증 조절기 교육 프로그램을 받은 실험군은 대조군에 비해 수술 후 통증 점수가 낮았고, 실험군에서 자가 통증 조절기에 대한 지식 및 진통제 사용에 대한 긍정적인 태도가 더 높았다(p <.001). 두 그룹 간 추가적인 통증 경감을 위한 마약성 진통제 사용에는 유의한 차이가 있었으나(p <.001), 비마약성 진통제 사용에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: 자가 통증 조절기 교육 프로그램의 시행은 자가 통증 조절기 사용에 대한 지식과 긍정적인 태도를 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 척추 수술을 받는 노인 환자들에서 초기 48시간 동안 신체 활동 중에 유발되는 통증을 유의하게 완화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 자가 통증 조절기 교육 프로그램이 노인 환자들의 척추 수술 후 경험하는 통증을 완화시키기 위한 수술 전 중재로 사용될 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of preoperative patient-controlled analgesia(PCA)education program on older patients with spine surgery. Methods: A quasi-experimental research with anon-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was conducted to investigate the impact of a PCAeducation program before surgery on postoperative pain, pain knowledge and attitudes, and frequency ofadditional analgesic use. The sample size for experimental and control group was 55 respectively. Results: Theexperimental group, which underwent the PCA education program, had lower postoperative pain scorescompared to the control group. Furthermore, the experimental group exhibited a higher level of knowledgeon PCA (p<.001) and more positive attitudes toward analgesic use (p<.001). While there was a significantdifference in the use of opioid analgesics for additional pain relief between two groups (p<.001), there wasno significant difference in the use of non-opioid analgesics. Conclusion: The implementation of the PCAeducation program was found to increase knowledge and positive attitudes on the use of PCA. Moreover, itsignificantly alleviated pain, particularly during physical activity, within initial 48 hours after spinal surgey inolder patients. Therefore, the findings of this study supported that the PCA education program could be usedas a preoperative intervention to alleviate postoperative pain for older patients with spinal surgery.
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