결혼이주 여성의 사회관계망이 심리적 적응에 미치는 영향
Social Networks and Psychological Adjustment of Female Foreign Immigrants in Korea
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본 연구는 결혼이주 여성의 사회관계망이 심리적 적응에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 조사대상인 결혼이주 여성은 주로 캄보디아, 중국, 일본, 몽골, 필리핀, 태국, 베트남 출신이고, 208명이 분석에 포함되었다. 자료수집은 면접으로 이루어졌고, 분석방법으로 선형 회귀분석을 사용하였으며, 독립변수에 비공식 사회관계망과 공식 사회관계망, 종속변수인 심리적 적응에 우울과 자아존중감을 포함하였다. 분석 결과, 결혼이주 여성의 사회관계망 요인이 우울의 감소에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났고, 사회적 지지 변수는 우울 수준을 완화하는 작용을 하는 것으로 예측되었다. 그리고 사회적 관계망 요인이 자아존중감의 증가에도 영향을 주고 자아존중감에 대한 긍정적 효과를 갖고 있음을 확인하였다. 연구 결과를 통해 결혼이주 여성의 심리적 적응을 위해 사회적 관계망 형성과 사회적 지지 프로그램이 한국어 프로그램과 다문화 교육 프로그램만큼 중요하다는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 이에 결론에서는 결혼이주 여성을 위한 사회적 아웃리치와 사회관계망을 통해 멘토와 같은 시스템 개발이 중요함을 제안하였다.
Abstract
In this article we explore the effect of social networks in the psychological well-being of female foreign immigrants in Korea. Recently, immigration to Korea is connected with marriage of foreign brides. The focus of this paper is on the psychological adjustment of these newly immigrant women, in relation to the stressors accompanying the migration experience, and in relation to the amount of social support available to the family. Subjects originated in Cambodia, China, Japan, Mongolia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Questionnaire interviews were conducted with female adults of foreign descent(N=208). Analyses include descriptive reports and regression analysis. Immigrant social network and social support were the principal direct influences on depression, mediating the effect for most other predictors. Also, Social network and social supports associated with immigration may induce self esteem. The availability of social network and social support to the multicultural families facilitated psychological adjustment. Intervention should facilitate acculturation thereby reducing immigrant stress and expand peer networks to increase social support to improve psychosocial well-being.
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