한국어 감정표현단어의 추출과 범주화
Korean Emotion Vocabulary: Extraction and Categorization of Feeling Words
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초록
본 연구 1에서는 한국어 감정표현단어의 목록을 제작하고, 연구 2 에서는 제작된 감정표현 단어가 어떤 범주의 감정에 속하는지를 조사하였다. 연구 1의 한국어 감정표현단어 목록 제작을 위하여 연세대학교에서 제작한 ‘현대 한국어의 어휘빈도’ 자료집으로부터 감정단어들을 추출하는 작업을 여러 단계에 걸쳐 시행하였다. 일상생활에서 빈도 높게 사용하는 감정 표현 단어를 선정하기 위하여 국문학 전공자와 감정연구자 12 명이 참가하였으며, 총 504 개의 감정 표현 단어들로 구성된 목록을 완성하였다. 연구 2 에서는 80 명의 대학생을 대상으로 각 단어가 ‘기쁨’, ‘공포’, ‘분노’등 10 개 범주(중성포함)의 감정 중 어느 감정과 관련 있는지 복수선택 하도록 하여 각 단어에 대한 감정 범주를 조사하였다. 단어들의 감정 범주 분석 결과, 504 개 단어들 중 426 개 단어는 한 범주의 감정을 의미 하였는데, ‘슬픔’ 을 나타내는 단어가 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 ‘분노’, ‘기쁨’ 순으로 나타났다. 다음 72 개 단어는 두 감정 범주를 나타내었는데, ‘분노’ 와 ‘혐오’, ‘슬픔’과 ‘공포’ 그리고 ‘기쁨’ 과 ‘흥미’로 묶이는 단어가 많았다. 세 감정 범주를 보인 6 개의 단어는 ‘놀람’, ‘흥미’, ‘기쁨’의 조합이 가장 높은 빈도로 나타났다. 본 연구는 일상생활에서 실제로 사용하는 감정 표현 단어 목록을 제작하고, 이에 기반하여 각 단어와 관련된 감정 범주를 복수의 감정 범주를 포함하여 규명 하였다는데 의의가 있다. 본 연구에서 개발된 감정 표현 단어들과 각 단어에 대한 감정 범주 정보는 심리학분야 뿐만 아니라 이후 HCI 분야에서 언어적 내용에 기반한 감정인식 연구에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.
Abstract
This study aimed to develop a Korean emotion vocabulary list that functions as an important tool in understanding human feelings. In doing so, the focus was on the careful extraction of most widely used feeling words, as well as categorization into groups of emotion(s) in relation to its meaning when used in real life. A total of 12 professionals (including Korean major graduate students) partook in the study. Using the Korean 'word frequency list' developed by Yonsei University and through various sorting processes, the study condensed the original 64,666 emotion words into a finalized 504 words. In the next step, a total of 80 social work students evaluated and classified each word for its meaning and into any of the following categories that seem most appropriate for inclusion: 'happiness', 'sadness', 'fear', 'anger', ‘disgust', 'surprise', 'interest', 'boredom', 'pain', 'neutral', and 'other'. Findings showed that, of the 504 feeling words, 426 words expressed a single emotion, whereas 72 words reflected two emotions (i.e., same word indicating two distinct emotions), and 6 words showing three emotions. Of the 426 words that represent a single emotion, 'sadness' was predominant, followed by 'anger' and 'happiness'. Amongst 72 words that showed two emotions were mostly a combination of 'anger' and 'disgust', followed by 'sadness' and 'fear', and 'happiness' and 'interest'. The significance of the study is on the development of a most adaptive list of Korean feeling words that can be meticulously combined with other emotion signals such as facial expression in optimizing emotion recognition research, particularly in the Human-Computer Interface (HCI) area. The identification of feeling words that connote more than one emotion is also noteworthy.
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