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Ethnically Divided Societies and the Role of Peace Building Education Bosnia and Herzegovina as a Case Study

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한국유럽학회 (The Korean Society Of Contemporary European Studies)|2010.04|유럽연구 (The Journal of Contemporary European Studies)|제28권 제1호|pp. 75-119|DOI 10.17052/jces.2010.28.1.75

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키워드

교육educationethnic identity사회통합민족적 정체성ethnic politicssocial cohesionBosnia and Herzegovina인종정치보스니아 헤르체코비나
주제분류지역학

초록

국제사회 에서는 인종적으로 분리된 사회에서 교육이 사회 불안이나 폭력적 투쟁에 대한 촉매제로서 역할을 한다는 것에 대한 우려가 증가하고 있다. 본 논문은 교육이 인종적 정체성의 구성, 동원, 그리고 정치화에 대한 주요한 역할을 한다라는 점을 전제한다. 그 내용과 구조를 통하여, 교육은 특정 인종 집단의 특권을 추구하는 정치 행위자들에 의해 지배되고 조종되기도 하며 사회의 다른 집단에게 해악을 미치기도 한다. 보스니아 헤르체코비나의 고도로 정치화되고 인종 차별적인 전후 교육 시스템은 초등과 중등교육을 망라한 정규 교육에서의 인종 정치의 영향을 연구하는데 있어 적절한 사례 연구를 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 교육 시스템의 주요 논점을 평가하고, 국제 사회의 주도로 시작된 교육개혁이 만족할만한 성과를 거두고 있는가에 대해 논의할 것이다.

Abstract

There is increasing concern within the international community that education can act as a catalyst for social unrest or even violent conflict in societies divided along ethnic lines. This paper will argue that education is a primary site of construction, mobilisation, and politicisation of ethnic identity. Through its content and structure, education can be controlled and manipulated by political actors seeking to protect the rights and privileges of their constituent ethnic group, often to the detriment of other groups in society. The highly politicised and segregated post-war education system in Bosnia and Herzegovina provides a relevant case study for examining the impact of ethnic politics on formal education at the primary and secondary school levels. Key aspects of the education system will be discussed, and the degree of success of educational reforms initiated by international community will be evaluated.

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