유럽연합의 거버넌스와 시민사회의 발전동학
The European Union Governance and Dynamics of Civil Society
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본 논문은 유럽연합의 거버넌스 형성과정에서 유럽차원에서의 시민사회 발전가능성을 탐색하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 경제통합에 의해 주도된 유럽연합은 그동안 많은 사회경제적, 환경적 문제를 야기하면서 유럽연합의 지배적인 거버넌스 구조에 시민사회의 적극적인 역할이 강조되었다. 국민경제라는 제한된 시민사회(혹은 복지국가)의 경계가 유럽연합의 틀 속에서 해체됨에 따라 이러한 역할은 시민사회의 발전에 새로운 도전이 되었다. 그러나 범유럽적 시민사회의 발전동학은 현재 유럽연합의 지배적인 거버넌스 틀과 긴밀한연관 속에서 규정된다. 이 논문에서는 그러한 발전동학의 가능성을 분석한다. 현재 유럽연합은 기존의 시민사회의 국가별 정체성을 점진적으로 해체하고있다. 이러한 해체과정은 시민사회에 기회인 동시에 위험이기도 하다. 위험은 EU의 시장중심성이 연대, 자발주의, 참여와 같은 시민사회의 고유한 가치를 상업화, 전문화라는 가치로 압박하는 것으로부터, 기회는 국가나 시장과는 차별화된 시민사회의 새로운 참여공간이 형성되고 있다는 데 근거한다. 비록 범유럽적 시민사회의 등장이 개별시민사회의 해체를 의미하지는 않지만, 유럽연합의 거버넌스에서 자발적 시민 결사체의 형성은 시민 공동의 경험,이해, 행동의 공간을 만들어낼 것이다.
Abstract
This article aims to analyse developmental possibility of civil society at European level concerning building process of European governance. The EU led by economic integration has brought out till now many socio-economic and environmental problems, and thus active role of civil society to the ruling governance of the EU has been addressed. Indeed, after demarcation of civil society limited in nation state has been dissolved in frame of the EU, its role challenged newly developmental dynamics of civil society. Nevertheless, dynamics of europa-wide civil society would be defined with reference to ruling governance frame of the EU. This article analyse possibility of such a dynamics. The EU dissolves increasingly established identities of civil society embedded in each nation states. This process means risk as well as opportunity for civil society. The former comes from commercialization and professionalization, with which replace the established values of civil society like solidarity, participation, voluntarism, etc. The latter may come from newly shaping participative room for civil society, which are differentiated from function of State or market. Although emergence of Europe-wide civil society does not mean dissolution of each civil society in nation state, forming of voluntary civil associations in the frame of the EU-governance would bring out room for common experience, understanding, and action of European civil society.
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