EU Migration, Income and Unemployment
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
About 2 millions are migrating into Europe each year either for job seeking or for better living environment. The flow of workers into the UK and Ireland following the EU's 2004 enlargement was the largest inward migration ever recorded into either country over a two-year period. Spain's official immigrant population has risen by 400 percent in ten years. And Italy worries about an estimated 100,000 Romanian immigrants, most of whom are thought to be without a job. Thereby EU's migration policy has been a thorny issue and individual EU member countries are trying to solve the problem in the scope of EU level as well as national level. This paper examines the migration policy changes in EU in accordance with the migration trend. And then this paper analyzes the migration policy effects on GDP,unemployment, and wage in EU countries with several empirical tests. The empirical results show that the migration into EU15 affects wage reduction and increases nationals' unemployment rate in the EU15 countries. However, both EU15 and EU12 enjoy GDP growth from the migration.
Abstract
About 2 millions are migrating into Europe each year either for job seeking or for better living environment. The flow of workers into the UK and Ireland following the EU's 2004 enlargement was the largest inward migration ever recorded into either country over a two-year period. Spain's official immigrant population has risen by 400 percent in ten years. And Italy worries about an estimated 100,000 Romanian immigrants, most of whom are thought to be without a job. Thereby EU's migration policy has been a thorny issue and individual EU member countries are trying to solve the problem in the scope of EU level as well as national level. This paper examines the migration policy changes in EU in accordance with the migration trend. And then this paper analyzes the migration policy effects on GDP,unemployment, and wage in EU countries with several empirical tests. The empirical results show that the migration into EU15 affects wage reduction and increases nationals' unemployment rate in the EU15 countries. However, both EU15 and EU12 enjoy GDP growth from the migration.
참고문헌 (34)
- Abel, G. J., "Estimation of international migration flow tables in Europe", Journal of theRoyal Statistical Society, Series A, 173(4), pp.797~825 (2010)
- Anne Herm, "Recent migration trends: citizens of EU-27 Member States become evermore mobile while EU remains attractive to non-EU citizens", Eurostat Statisicsin focus, 98 (2008)
- Ann Singleton, "Moving Europe: EU research on migration and policy needs" (2009), EuropeanCommission, EUR 23859 EN
- Anthonyu Albertinelli, "Asylum applicants and decisions on asylumapplications in Q2 2009", Eurostat Statisics in focus, 39 (2009)
- Baldwin. R., "The Economics of European Integration" (2006), McGraw-Hill
- Barnard Catherine, "The Substantive Law of the EU" (2007), Oxford Univ Press
- Beate Czech, "Minimum Wages in January 2009", Eurostat Statisics in focus, 29 (2009)
- The impact of EU enlargement on migration flows, "Christian Dustmann", ~, pp.Report 25 (2003)
- "Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council", An areaof freedom, security and justice serving the citizen, Commission of the EuropeanCommunities, Brussels, COM 262, 2009
- Demetrios G. Papademetriou, "Migration and theEconomic Downturn: What to Expect in the European Union", Migration PolicyInstitute (2009)
- Directives, "Council Directive 2009", 50, Official Journal of the European Union, pp.2009[DOI]
- Economic impact ofmigration flows following the 2004 EU enlargement process: A model basedanalysis, "Francesca D'Auria", European Commission, Economic and Financial Affairs, ~, pp.Economic papers 349 (2008)
- Giampaolo Lanzieri, "First demographic estimates for 2009", Eurostat Statisics in focus, 47 (2009)
- Hugo Brady, "EU Migration Policy: An A-Z", Center for European Reform (2008)
- Jennissen, R, "Macro-economic determinants of international migration in Europe" (2004), Dutch University Press
- John R. Dobson, "Labour mobility and migration within the EU following the 2004 Centraland East European enlargement", Employee Relations, 31(2), pp.121~138 (2009), Emerald Group Publishing Limited
- Katherleen Newland, "Learning by Doing:Experiences of Circular Migration", MPI (Migration Policy Institute) (2008)
- Katya Vasileva, "Citizens of European countries account for the majority of the foreignpopulation in EU-27 in 2008", Eurostat Statisics in focus, 94 (2009)
- Kupiszewska, D, "Comparability of statistics on international migration flowsin the European Union, In International migrationin Europe: Data, models and estimates", pp.41~71 (2008), Wiley
- Lars Svennebye, "Large differences in GDP and consumption per inhabitant acrossEurope", Eurostat Statisics in focus, 95 (2009)
- 김원호, "Economic development strategies: concepts and experiences" (2009), The Icfi University Press
- Nicola Massarelli, "Persisting weakness in the EU labour market -Labour Market LatestTrends-2009Q2 data", Eurostat Statisics in focus, 87 (2009), Eurostat yearbook
- Raymer, J., "The estimation of international migration flows: A general technique focusedon the origin-destination association structure", Environment and Planning, A, 12, pp.371~388 (2007)
- Rogers, A., "The indirect estimation of migration: Methods fordealing with irregular, inadequate, and missing data" (2010), Springer
- Willekens, F., "Models of migration: Observations and judgement, In International migration in Europe: Data, models and estimates.Chichester", pp.117~147 (2008), Wiley
- "BBC NEWS"[URL]
- "EUAUSTRALIA ONLINE"[URL]
- "EurActiv.com"[URL]
- "Europa"[URL]
- "Eurostat Home"[URL]
- "Focus Migration"[URL]
- "IOM (International Organization for Migration)"[URL]
- "MPI (Migration Policy Institute)"[URL]
- "OECD"[URL]