두충 잎의 급여가 면양의 영양소 이용율과 반추위내 발효특성에 미치는 영향
Effects of Dietary Substitution of Eucommia ulmoides Leaves on Nutrient Digestibility and Ruminal Fermentation Characteristics in Sheep
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본 시험은 두충 잎을 저질 조사료인 볏짚의 일부로 대체이용할 목적으로 평균체중 50.2 ±1.6kg의 건강한 숫 면양(Corriedale×Polwarth) 4두로 4×4 라틴 방각법으로 실시하였으며, 이때 농후사료 : 조사료의 비율은 3：7이었다. 시험구는 두충을 대체하지 않은 대조구와 조사료인 볏짚의 건물을 기준으로 음건 두충 잎을 3, 5 및 10% 대체한 4개 처리구를 공시하였으며, 영양소 이용율, 기호성, 반추위 내 발효 특성 및 미생물체단백질 합성량을 조사분석하였다. 조지방 소화율은 3% 구와 5% 구가 대조구에 비하여 약 12.5～17.5%로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 조섬유 소화율은 두충잎을 대체한 모든 처리구가 대조구에 비하여 약 10.6～13.7%로 개선되었다(p<0.05). 건물 섭취량은 10% 구가 844g으로 가장 많았으며 5% 구는 그 다음으로 많이 섭취하였으며, 대조구와 3% 구는 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 질소 축적량은 3% 구가 대조구에 비하여 약 97%가 개선되었으며, 5% 구와 10% 구가 약 173～192%가 개선되었다(p<0.05). 유기물 이용율은 3% 구와 5% 구가 대조구에 비해 높았다(p<0.05). PD(purine derivatives) 배설량은 5% 구가 2.90mmol/d로 대조구와 3% 구에 비하여 높았다(p<0.05). 미생물체단백질 합성량은 5% 구가 2.51gN/d로 대조구와 3% 구에 비하여 높았다(p<0.05). 반추위내 total VFA 함량은 두충 잎 처리구에서 높게 나타났다. RAN 함량은 두충 잎 급여 후 1～4시간에 15～19mg/100ml로 높게 유지되었다.이상의 결과를 종합하면, 두충 잎을 음건하여 반추동물에게 5～10%를 대체하여 급여할 경우 영양소 소화율, 기호성 및 반추위 내 발효조건 개선에 유리할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the nutrient digestibility and ruminal fermentation characteristics in sheep fed diets containing four substitution levels of E. ulmoides leaves for rice straw. For the experiment, they were given a basal diet consisting of rice straw and concentrate at a 3:7 ratio (DM basis). The treatments were designed as a 4×4 Latin square design with four sheep (50.2±1.6 kg body weight). Sheep were allotted in one of four treatments, which were designed to progressively substitute Eucommia ulmoides for 0, 3, 5 and 10% of rice straw in the basal diet. The digestibility of crude fat was significantly (p<0.05) improved by 12.5 to 17.5% in 3% and 5% air dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves compared with that in control. The digestibility of crude fiber in the 3, 5 and 10% treatments was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that of the control. Dry matter intake was highest (p<0.05) in sheep fed 10% air dried E. ulmoides). Retained nitrogen in the 3, 5 and 10% treatments was increased up to 97%, 173% and 192%, respectively, compared to that in control (p<0.05). Organic matter utilization was higer in 3% and 5% treatments than control (p<0.05). Purine derivatives and microbial nitrogen synthesis were significantly increased by the dietary substitution of 5 % E. ulmoides leaves (p<0.05) compared with control and the 3% treatment. Ruminal concentration of total-VFA was significantly (p<0.05) higher in sheep fed all levels of air dried Eucommia ulmoides than those of control. It is concluded that air-dried E. ulmoides leaves given to ruminants can increase nutrient digestibility and palatability and improve ruminal fermentation. Therefore, the 5 and 10% substitution of E. ulmoides for roughage are highly recommended to be used in practice.
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